| 标题 | 西安钟楼三分钟导游词 |
| 范文 | 西安钟楼三分钟导游词（精选3篇） 西安钟楼三分钟导游词 篇1我们现在看到的就是钟楼。钟楼位于市中心东、西、南、北四条大街的交会处，它建于明洪武十七年 (1384年)，当时钟楼的位置并不在现在这个地方，那么它在哪儿呢?请大家顺着我手指的方向看，那座与钟楼遥相呼应的楼就是鼓楼，钟楼最初的位置在鼓楼以西的迎祥观内。迎祥观是唐朝一座非常著名的道观，唐睿宗李旦为了给自已的母亲过寿，特制了一口钟安放在迎祥观内。随着城市的发展，西安城不断地扩建，钟楼就偏于城西，不再居于城市中心了。在这种情况下，公元1582年明政府就将钟楼迁移至今天的位置。 钟楼的主要作用就是击钟报时。每天清晨，当钟声响起，四个城门就打开，人们就开始了一天的辛勤劳作，傍晚鼓楼的鼓声一响，人们就回到城里关闭城门，这就是大家常说的“晨钟暮鼓”。过去用来报时的钟是唐睿宗李旦在景云二年(720xx年)命人制作的，取名“景云钟”。景云钟纹饰精美，线条流畅，声音洪亮，充分表现出了唐代工匠高超的铸钟水平，原钟现收藏在西安碑林石刻艺术博物馆。大家现在看到的这口钟是景云钟的复制品，它的体态、大小、重量、纹饰与原景云钟都是相同的。现在让我们大家一起来欣赏一下，请看钟纽部分：据传海中有一种大兽叫蒲牢，它虽然凶猛，但是非常害怕鲸鱼，每当鲸鱼攻击它，它就会拼命大叫，由于它的叫声非常响亮，人们在铸钟的时候就将它缚在钟上，以祈求钟声洪亮，我们大家可以想像一下，钟就像张着大嘴的蒲牢，撞钟之木就像鲸鱼，鲸鱼咬一口，蒲牢叫一声，鲸鱼咬得越急，蒲牢叫得越响，如果哪位朋友不信，可以来试试。关于蒲牢还有另外一种说法，说“蒲牢”是龙王爷的第九个儿子，龙生九子各有所好，这位蒲牢平素爱大声喊叫，声音非常洪亮，因此钟纽常常做成蒲牢的样子，希望能使钟声洪亮，总之有了蒲牢，钟声就会洪亮，这是无可置疑的事了。 再来看看钟面，这里有龙、凤、鹤、狮、独角牛，以及飞天、彩云、蔓草等，花纹线条流畅、首尾相接，它们分别代表着道教法规、富贵权势、天上人间，以及现世未来，是一幅集福、权、贵为一体的宗教纹饰画，特别珍贵的是这篇唐睿宗李旦亲笔所书的铭文。李旦的真迹共有三处：孔子庙堂碑、顺陵碑以及景云钟铭文。因孔子庙堂碑和顺陵碑都己被毁，所以现在李旦的真迹就仅存景云钟铭文一处了。这篇文章的内容主要讲述了道教的玄妙，以及景云钟的制作，无论是从书法的角度，还是从文章的内容来看，都是一篇不可多得的佳作。 让我们回过头来，看看这座坐落于四条大街交会处己600多年的钟楼吧，我们先从屋檐讲起，大家站在这里可以看到钟楼有三层屋檐，其实它只有两层，也就是说在二楼是一层楼两层檐，那么为什么要把屋檐做得这么复杂呢?因为在封建社会里屋檐有着非常严格的等级制度，重檐就是统治阶级为了提高自己的尊严和权威而独占的一种形式，就是同样的重檐屋顶也有着最尊与次之的区别，重檐庑殿为最尊，比如北京故宫的“太和殿”，重檐歇山次之，比如北京天安门。钟楼采用的四角攒尖顶形式，这种形式最早出现在北魏石窟的石塔雕刻上，此外在宋画中也可以看到不少的楼、台、亭、阁采用这种形式，到了明清这种形式就更加兴盛起来。大家站在这里可以看到，四周的建筑都很漂亮，可这在过去是完全行不通的。普通老百姓盖房子只能盖单檐房屋，重檐在皇家建筑里才能出现。也许有的朋友已经注意到了，在屋顶的四翼角戗脊上有一排动物形状的构件，这就是人们常说的仙人、走兽。我们依次来看一下：第一个是仙人，在它后边分别是行龙、飞凤、行狮、天马、海马、飞鱼、押鱼，这几种走兽都有其一定的寓意。龙风代表至高无上的尊贵;狮子是兽中之王、镇山之王;天马、海马象征皇家的威德通天入海、畅达四方;飞鱼、押鱼是海中异兽，据说可兴云作雨、镇火防灾。建筑工匠们巧妙地将政治象征、艺术装饰和实用构件统一在一起，充分显示了他们的聪明才智。 我们再往下看，在柱子上梁枋与屋顶的构架部分之间可以看到有一层用小块木料拼合成的构件，它们均匀地分布在梁枋上，支挑着伸出的屋檐，这种构件称为斗拱，它是中国古代木结构建筑上的一种特有的构件。为什么叫斗拱呢?在柱子与梁枋上因为要挑出屋顶伸出的屋檐，故需要有一种构件托住屋檐下的仿和椽。古代工匠用弓形的短木从柱子和梁上伸出，一层不够再加一层，弓木层层挑出，使屋檐得以伸出屋身之外，这种弓形短木称为拱;在两层拱之间用方木块相垫，小方木形如斗，所以这种用多层拱与斗结合成的构件即称为斗拱。斗拱用在屋檐下可以使屋顶的出檐加大，用在梁枋两端下面，则可以减小梁枋的跨度，加大梁枋的承受力。斗拱的确是一种很奇特的构件，一块块小木料组合起来居然可以挑托起那么沉重、那样深远的屋檐，这是我国古代工匠一项了不起的创造。 建筑首先作为一种物质财富，也和其他物质一样，在人类创造的过程中，不但产生了物质的躯体，同时也产生了美的形象，在房屋的整体和房屋各种构件的制作中，人们都对它进行程度不同的美的加工，装饰就是这样开始在建筑上出现的。古建筑的门窗是与人接触最多的部分，在它们身上自然集中地进行了多种装饰处理。大家现在看到的格子门，门扉上都有木刻浮雕，内容有生动感人的民间传说、回味无穷的历史故事，楼上楼下加起来共有64幅，若朋友们感兴趣，不妨仔细研究一下， 看看您能猜对多少。 进入钟楼一楼大厅。首先请大家抬兴看：顶部一个个的木方框叫天花，中央圆形的叫藻井。为了不露出建筑的梁架，古代工匠常常在梁的下方用天花枋组成一个一个的木方框，上面贴有彩色图案的纸，或者直接在上面施彩绘。钟楼的天花都是直接施彩绘的，共184块，有艳丽的牡丹，有素雅的水仙，有傲雪的红梅，有清幽的兰花，一年四季就在这小小的四方之间争娇斗奇。在讲藻井之前，我想先请朋友们猜一猜，这是一个什么图案呢?有朋友说这是城市的中心点，还有朋友说是云彩，我给大家讲一个民间流传的故事，听完后大家就会明白了：传说关中地区过去常闹水灾，每一年都会发生一次，有位道十看过风水后说：钟楼东半里，地下有一川口，川口里有一条大鳌鱼，每一年这条大鳌鱼都会按时出来呼吸新鲜空气，它这一露头，关中地区便会汪洋一片，知县得知这一消息后，便命工匠将原钟楼拆除，在它的东半里，一个十字交叉路口处重新建了一座钟楼，钟楼建好后，果然再也没有发生过水灾，因此工匠在施藻井彩绘的时候，就做了这样一幅“霞光万道”图，大家看这幅图案像不像太阳照在井眼里泛出的七色波纹呢?这正是：钟号景云鸣彩凤，楼雄川口锁金鳌。 西安钟楼三分钟导游词 篇2西安钟楼，建于明太祖朱元璋洪武十七年(公元1384年),为砖木结构，重楼三层檐，四角攒顶的形式，总高36米，每边长35.5米，占地面积1377平方米，内有楼梯可盘旋而上。在檐上覆盖有深绿色琉璃瓦，楼内贴金彩绘，画栋雕梁，顶部有鎏金宝顶，金碧辉煌。以它为中心辐射出东、南、西、北四条大街并分别与明城墙东、南、西、北四门相接。 欣赏编钟所奏的乐曲以及仿古舞蹈。曲目有民乐《登楼曲》，长安古乐《奉金杯》、《摇门栓》，名曲《春江花月夜》，古曲《飞天》、《大登殿》，编钟独奏《茉莉花》，以及《秦腔曲牌》。每日六场演出，时间分别为上午9:00、10:30、11:30、15:00、16:00、17:00 ，每场四首滚动演出，表演时间10-15分钟。 钟鼓楼表演除每日固定时间外，团体欣赏可提前预约，加场演出时间为晚19:00-22:00。 西安钟楼三分钟导游词 篇3Today we are going to visit Xi'an city wall, bell tower and Drum Tower.It's a great honor to serve you. The ancient castle we see now is the city wall of Xi'an in Ming Dynasty,which was built on the basis of Chang'an Imperial City in Tang Dynasty in theearly Ming Dynasty. It is one of the most famous city walls in the history ofthe late Middle Ages in China. It is the largest and most complete defensefacility of ancient military castle in the world. Xi'an, as an ancient capital for thousands of years, has built city wallsmany times in the past dynasties. Most of them are buried in the dust ofhistory. The wall we see now can be traced back to the Sui Dynasty. In 1369 ad,Xu Da, a general of the Ming Dynasty, entered Shaanxi from Shanxi and changedthe original Fengtian road to Xi'an, which means "long-term stability in thewest". It opened the prelude of building the city wall in Xi'an in Ming Dynasty.The shape of the wall, which took eight years to build, is a rectangle. The wallis 15 meters high, 12-14 meters wide at the top, 16-18 meters wide at thebottom, and 13.9 kilometers long. The bottom layer is made of loess, lime andglutinous rice juice. After drying, it is very strong. The ancient city wall of Xi'an includes a series of military facilitiessuch as moat, suspension bridge, gate tower, arrow tower, main tower, cornertower, enemy tower, parapet, crenel, etc. Well, now let's feel for ourselves thescientific, rigorous and complete military defense system. The most peripheral part of the city wall is the moat, also known as the"moat", which is the first line of defense of the city wall. It can block theenemy's attack and even take advantage of the favorable terrain to destroy theenemy. The moat around the city wall of Xi'an is 20 meters wide. Crossing themoat is the gate, and the only channel connecting the moat and the gate is thesuspension bridge. At ordinary times, the soldiers obeyed the command of themorning bell and the evening drum. In the morning, they lowered the suspensionbridge to open the city gate; in the evening, they raised the suspension bridgeto cut off the traffic. Once there is a war, the suspension bridge rises and thegate is closed, the gate becomes a solid and closed Battle Fortress. City gate is the key and weak point of city defense system. Usually, it isthe access to the city. In a war, it is the primary target for both sides.Therefore, the Ming Dynasty attached great importance to improving the defensefacilities of the city gate. One of the most remarkable technologicalbreakthroughs is the use of the arched gate to prevent the enemy from attackingby fire. The gate of Xi'an City in the Ming Dynasty was very strong. The doorleaf was made of 16 cm thick wood. One gate was made of 2.8 cubic meters ofwood. The door leaf was reinforced with iron bars, and 180 iron mushroom needleswere nailed between the two iron bars. There are 1800 iron mushroom needles onthe whole door leaf. In this way, the wood of the door leaf is compacted, andthe stiffness of the door leaf is increased, so that the arrow can not be shotin. In order to improve the security coefficient of the city gate defense, thecity gate is actually composed of three parts: Gate Tower, arrow tower and mainbuilding. The gate building is on the outside, and its function is to lift thesuspension bridge. It's also used to play watch. When the enemy invades the gateof the gate tower, it seems to enter the urn. They will be attacked from allsides. Therefore, the space downstairs is also called "urn city". The archerytower is in the center, with windows on the front and on both sides for archery.The archery tower and archery tower are connected by a wall, which is alsocalled "Wengcheng" and can garrison troops. The main building is in theinnermost part. The tower above the main building is the main building of thecity gate, which is the commanding place of the general. Outside the city wall,there is an enemy platform protruding from the main body of the city wall every120 meters, commonly known as "horse face". There are 98 "horse faces" on thewhole city wall. The building above the "horse face" is called the enemy tower.The distance between the two enemy platforms is 120 meters, and one side of itis 60 meters, which is "a stone's throw". This layout makes it easy to shoot theenemy from the side. Therefore, the ancients commented: "if there is a citywithout a platform, it is just like there is no city. The city is the guardian,and the platform is the guardian.". On the outside of the city wall, there aredwarf pheasants, also known as "pile wall", with crenels and square holes forarchery and watching. The low wall on the inside is called "parapet" to preventsoldiers from falling under the wall when they walk. In the four corners ofXi'an city wall, there is a tower called "turret". In the urn formed by thearrow tower and the main tower, there is a horse road leading to the head of thecity, which is convenient for the horses to go up and down. During the war, thisis the throat of the deployment of troops, and we must ensure that there is noobstruction. So the guard is very strict. With the change of time, we can see Changle gate, Anding gate, Zhuque gate,Hanguang gate, Yuxiang gate and so on. The origin of these names also reflectsthe ups and downs of the ancient city. The city wall of Xi'an in the MingDynasty shows the wisdom of the ancient working people of our country. OK, thecity wall of Xi'an is here. We will continue to take you to visit the bell andDrum Tower. The bell tower and drum tower are the unique buildings in ancient Chinesecities. Bell and drum are the earliest percussion instruments in China, with ahistory of more than 3020__ years. Initially used as ritual and musicalinstruments. It has been used in military command since the spring and Autumnperiod. Ancient Chinese cities have the nature of military castles. In additionto building walls around the city, digging trenches and setting up suspensionbridges, there are also bell and drum towers built in the center of the city asthe command center. At ordinary times, it reports the time by morning bell andevening drum, opens and closes the suspension bridge regularly, and it is usedto warn the police and command the city defense in case of emergency. This tighturban defense system reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. Xi'an is an importantmilitary and political town in Northwest China in Ming Dynasty. Its bell towerand Drum Tower rank the first in terms of architectural scale, historical valueand artistic value in China. The building we see now is the bell tower, which is located at theintersection of the four streets in Xi'an. It was built in the 17th year ofHongwu in Ming Dynasty. It was originally located in Yingxiang temple on theWest Street. With the eastward movement of the city center, in 20__ of Wanli ofShenzong of Ming Dynasty, the bell tower was demolished as a whole and moved tothe present site. The bell tower is a typical architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, with aheight of 36 meters, double eaves and brackets, gorgeous and solemn. It consistsof three parts: base, body and roof. The base is square, all made of greenbricks. The building is a square wooden structure, surrounded by an ambulatoryon the outside and a two-story building on the inside with wooden ladderscircling up. In the square hall on the upper and lower floors of the building,there are various kinds of valuable porcelain and red Phoebe furniture since theMing Dynasty. The four sides of the doors are covered with relief paintings,with a simple and vivid style. The top of the building is a four cornerstructure, covered with green glazed tiles. The top dome is 5 meters high,glittering and brilliant. On the northwest corner of the bell tower is a Ming Dynasty iron bell,which weighs 5 tons and has eight trigrams on its side. It is much smaller thanthe bronze bell that hung in the bell tower earlier. The giant bell originallyhung in the bell tower is a "Jingyun bell" cast in the Jingyun period of TangDynasty. Now the bell is collected in the forest of Steles in Xi'an. It is saidthat after the bell tower was moved from Yingxiang temple to the present site,although the style and size of the tower have not changed, the Jingyun bell willnever ring. There's no choice but to change. In order to move the jingyunzhongto the new bell tower, an inclined bridge was built in the west section of theWest Street, and the bridge slope was used to transport the jingyunzhong to thebell tower. It is said that "qiaozikou" also got its name. There are inscriptions on the west wall of the bell tower. Song of the belltower was written by Gong Maoxian, governor of Shaanxi Province, who built thebell tower when he was dismissed and went to Beijing. The bell tower is warmlypraised in the poem. The story of the bell tower was written by Zhang Kai, thegovernor who had built the bell tower. It describes the life experience of thebell tower in detail. On the door of the bell tower, there are 64 woodcut reliefstory paintings, including Mulan joining the army, Chang'e flying to the moon,Liu Yi's biography, Eight Immortals crossing the sea and so on. After thefounding of the people's Republic of China, the people's Government of Xi'ancarried out three large-scale repairs to the clock tower, which made the ancientbuilding glow with its former style. Far away from the bell tower is the drum tower. The door opening at thebottom of the tower is north-south, leading to the north gate and the SouthDarcy street. The drum tower was built in the 13th year of Hongwu in MingDynasty. It is sister to the bell tower. There is a huge drum on the north sideof the first floor of the drum tower, which forms a late drum with the morningbell on the bell tower, so it is called the drum tower. The building isrectangular. The height and width of the door opening on the base are 6 meters,and the depth is 38 meters. The drum tower is built with double eaves and threedrops of water. The building is divided into upper and lower floors. There aretwo plaques under the eaves of the north and the south. In the south, theEmperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty engraved a book with his pen: "the land ofculture and military prosperity", and in the north, Li yunkuan, a scholar ofXianning County, wrote "the sound is heard in the sky". In the outer eaves ofthe drum tower are decorated with Dou Gong, surrounded by corridors. The ceilingis painted with cloud pattern, antique, very beautiful. Bell and drum towerscomplement each other, making the ancient city of Xi'an more beautiful andspectacular. Well, this is the end of the tour of the bell and Drum Tower. Thankyou! |
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