| 标题 | 名胜导游词 |
| 范文 | 名胜导游词十篇 名胜导游词 篇1各位朋友，欢迎来到“中国的威尼斯”—丽江古城。 丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山下丽江坝子的中部，全城面积达3.8平方公里，常住人口约3万人，其中纳西族超过16900人。因为周围青山环绕，城中碧水滢滢，宛如一方碧玉大砚而取名为“大研镇”。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城，以四周个的高山为天然屏障。据说这是因为丽江世袭统治者姓木，筑城墙势必如木字加框，而成“困”字，木氏土司因忌讳而不设城墙。古城是一座风景秀丽、历史悠久和文化灿烂的名城，也是中国罕见的保存最为完整、最具纳西族风格的古代城镇。丽江古城的纳西名称叫“依西芝”，意思为金沙江江湾中的集镇，又叫“巩本芝”，意思为仓库集镇，由此可以知道它是以从事经济贸易发展起来的。导游带团软件 古城始建于南宋后期，距今约有820xx年的历史了。历代均为滇西北的政治、军事重镇和纳西、汉、藏等各民族经济文化交往的枢纽。元初，忽必烈南征大理，革囊渡江进入丽江，曾在古城一带驻军整训，至今仍留下许多相关的纳西语地名。明初，古城街道建设和集市贸易已初具规模，明末时已呈现出繁荣景象。中国明代著名旅行家徐霞客曾在丽江游记中写道“宫室之丽，拟于王者”，“民居群落，瓦屋栉(zhi)比”，这是对当年丽江古城之繁盛景观的真实写照。由于古城处于滇川藏交通要冲，是历史茶马古道的重镇。自清代以来，商旅云集，各路马帮往来不断，成为重要的贸易中转站。丽江古城，因为集中了纳西文化的精华，并完整地保留了宋元以来形成的历史风貌，1986年被国务院列为国家历史文化名城，1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。说到这里，各位也许会问，游览丽江古城主要观赏些什么呢?我们可以登高览胜、临河就水，可以走街入院、还可以入市过桥，一览古城布局。 各位朋友，我们现在已经来到了古城的入口处。古城的布局可以说是以水为脉，随势自然。玉河水在这里分为西河、中河、东河，在古城里再分成更多的支流走街过巷，穿墙进屋。如果哪位朋友仔古城中迷失了方向，请记住：顺水而入，逆水而出。 下面就请各位跟我沿西河畔的新华街进入古城吧! 古城布局中的三山为屏、一川相连，水系利用中的三河穿城、家家流水、街道布局中“经络”设置和“曲、幽、窄、达”的风格，建筑物的依山就水、错落有致的设计艺术在中国现存古城中是极为罕见的，是纳西族先民根据民族传统和环境再创造的结果。 各位朋友，四方街到了。 四方街的位置在古城的中心，是由整齐繁华的铺面围成的一块大约400平方米的露天梯形集市小广场。据说是木氏土司让人仿照他的印章，用五花石铺就的，取“权镇四方”之意当年在广场周围，聚集了数十家商号和店铺。形形色色的货物通过茶马古道从四面八方汇集到这里，又从这里流到四面八方。是茶马古道造就了四方街的辉煌，使丽江古城成为滇西北茶马古道上的重要集镇。 古城的大街小巷，全是用红色角砾石块铺成，晴不扬尘，雨不积水。经历无数人年年月月的步履磨蚀，光滑洁净，大雨过后，呈现出五彩斑纹，当地人们称之为“五花石”。 四方街上，仍保留着古代利用河水清洗街道的装置，可以定期清洗街道，保持古城洁净,十分省力。在四方街西侧的西河上设有活动闸门，利用西河与东河的高差放水冲洗集市和街面，居民也喜欢用水桶汲水冲洗门前的五花石街道。导游带团软件 四方街西侧的制高点是科贡坊，是风格独特的三层门楼，原来是为这个小巷里杨家“一门三举”而建的。从清朝的雍正元年实行“改土归流”到清末废除科举的180年的历史里，丽江先后出了六十几位举人和7位进士。“一门三举”在文化发达的中原地区不足为奇，可在丽江这样一个长期由土司统治的边疆少数民族地区，却是一桩具有轰动效应的大喜事，于是官府和民众捐资在这里建了这个科贡坊。 丽江古城建筑最奇的是城市建设个规划师们巧妙的调用了清澈的玉泉水。当汩汩的泉水流至城头的双石桥下时。人们将泉水分作三叉，分别穿街过巷，就像人体的经脉一样。泉水流遍全城千家万户，造就了“家家门前流泉水，户户垂柳拂屋檐”的特有风采。水，不仅使大研古镇不断注入新生的朝气，也成为了大研古镇的佳妙美景。 城中有水必有桥。一石跨渠，即成一家，水绕民家，自然处处桥通道路。丽江古城既是一座古城，又是一座桥城。丽江古城有石拱桥、石板桥等各类桥梁三百多座。古道，小桥，流水，人家构成了丽江古城恬静的居住环境。这些都为“中国的威尼斯”增添了一份古朴的壮丽。 各位朋友，我们下面要去游览的地方是木府，木府是丽江古城文化的“大观园”。 纳西族木氏土司历经元明清3代22世470年，历史上称其为“知诗书，好礼守仪”。木府原系丽江世袭土司木氏衙署，徐霞客曾叹木府“宫室之丽，拟于王者。”木府历经战乱动荡的损毁，于1998年春重建，并在府内设立了古城博物院。 修复重建的木府占地46亩，坐西向东，沿中轴线依地势建有“天雨流芳”木牌坊，忠义坊、仪门、前议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿、光碧楼、玉音楼、三清殿等15幢，大大小小共计162间，衙内挂有几代皇帝钦赐的十一块匾额，上书“忠义”、“诚心报国”等。木府分前后两院，从仪门进去有议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿。这里是前院，也就是正院;而玉花园及碧光楼、语音楼、三清殿等则是后院。 木牌坊上大书的“天雨流芳”四字，是纳西语“读书去”的谐音，体现了纳西民族推崇知识的热情。 忠义牌坊又叫石牌坊，这座雕刻精湛的石雕建筑远近闻名，民间有“大理三塔寺，丽江石牌坊”的说法。 议事厅端庄宏伟，是土司议政的地方。 光碧楼是后花园门楼，历史上称它为“称甲滇西” 玉音楼是土司们接圣旨和歌舞宴会的地方。 三清殿是木氏土司推崇道家的产物。 木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术园林，它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中的古朴粗犷。 游览丽江古城，不应错过的是取聆听下纳西古乐。纳西古乐这一被国外称为“在中国各地已经失传的音乐”，它由《白沙细乐》和《丽江洞经音乐》两部分组成，它的珍贵之处在于它奇迹般的保留了一些早已失传的唐宋以来词曲音乐。纳西古乐经过数百年的发展变化，形成了汉族和纳西族音乐相融合的独特风格，具有浓厚的民族民间色彩。住在丽江古城，夜晚最美好的安排莫过于去聆听下纳西古乐。 游到这里，各位对古城可算是一饱眼福了，剩下的时间就留给各位自由活动。希望大家能够玩的开心，吃的舒心，睡得安心。谢谢大家! 名胜导游词 篇2大家好，欢迎和我一起观赏长城。我姓岳，你们可以叫我岳导游。来到这里，希望大家注意自己的安全、保护好自己的财务、不要乱刻乱画、不乱丢瓜皮纸屑，在路上，请不要大声喧哗。 各位旅客，我们现在已经来到长城脚下，你们看，长城像不像一条长龙在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋呢?我告诉你，它可有一万三千多里，如果你想看一看，就上去大饱眼福吧。 各位游客，我们现在已经登上八达岭万里长城了，它使用巨大的城砖和条石筑成的，它高大坚固、气魄雄伟。也很宽，五六匹马可以并行，如果你们不信，就伸出双手，都可以站十几个人，城墙外沿有成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的了望口和射口，古时，用来射击和看敌人的动向。每隔三百米就有一座城台，是以前屯兵们的堡垒。 长城有许多故事，比如说：孟姜女哭长城等，传说很久以前江苏松江府有个孟家庄，孟家庄有一老汉善种葫芦。这一年他种的葫芦长得非常繁盛，其中一棵竟伸到了邻居姜家院里。孟、姜两家非常交好，于是便相约秋后结了葫芦一家一半。到了秋天，果然结了一个大葫芦，孟、姜两家非常高兴，把葫芦摘下来准备分享。忽听葫芦里传出一阵阵小孩的哭声，孟老汉非常奇怪，便用刀把葫芦切开一看，呀!有个小女孩端坐在葫芦中，红红的脸蛋，圆嘟嘟的小嘴，很是惹人喜爱。姜家老婆婆一看，喜欢的不得了，一把抱起来说：“这孩子就给我吧!”可是孟老汉无儿无女，非要不可，两家争执起来，一时间不可开交。到后来，只好请村里的长者来断。长者说：“你们两家已约定葫芦一家一半，那么这葫芦里的孩子就算你们两家合养吧。” 于是小姑娘便成了姜孟两家的掌上明珠，因孟老汉无儿无女，便住在了孟家，取名孟姜女。斗转星移，日月如梭，孟姜女一天天地长大了，她心灵手巧，聪明伶俐，美丽异常，织起布来比织女，唱起歌来赛黄莺，孟老汉爱如珍宝。这一天，孟姜女[1]完针线，到后花园去散心。园中荷花盛开，池水如碧，忽然一对大蝴蝶落在池边的荷叶上，吸引了她的视线，她便轻手轻脚地走过去，用扇一扑，不想用力过猛，扇子一下掉在水中。 孟姜女很是气恼，便挽起衣袖，探手去捞，忽听背后有动静，急忙回头一看，原来是一个年轻公子立在树下，满面风尘，精神疲惫。孟姜女急忙找来父母孟老汉对年轻人私进后花园，非常生气，问道：“你是什么人，怎么敢私进我的后花园?”年轻人急忙连连请罪，诉说了原委。原来这个年轻人名叫万喜良，本姑苏人氏，自幼读书，满腹文章。不想秦始皇修筑长城，到处抓壮丁，三丁抽一，五丁抽二，黎民百姓怨声载道。万喜良急忙乔装改扮逃了出来。刚才是因饥渴难耐，故到园中歇息，不想惊动了孟姜女，边说边连连告罪。 孟姜女见万喜良知书秉礼，忠厚老实，便芳心暗许。孟老汉对万喜良也很同情，便留他住了下来，孟姜女向爹爹言明心意，孟老汉非常赞成，便急忙来到前厅，对万喜良道：“你现在到处流落，也无定处，我想招你为婿，你意如何呀?”万喜良急忙离座辞道：“我乃逃亡之人，只怕日后连累小姐，婚姻之事万不敢想。”无奈孟姜女心意已决，非喜良不嫁，最后万喜良终于答应。孟老汉乐得嘴都合不上了，急忙和姜家商议挑选吉日，给他们完婚。伺机报复。孟家庄有一无赖，平时喜欢拈花惹草，无所事事，多次上门求亲，孟老汉坚辞不允，他便怀恨在心，如今听说了万喜良之事，便偷偷地到官府去告了密，带着官兵来抓人。 这时孟家还蒙在鼓里呢，他们刚刚新婚三天，仍沉浸在喜悦之中，忽然哗啦啦一声，大门被撞开了，一群官兵冲进来，不由分说，把万喜良绳捆索绑就要带走，孟姜女急忙扑上去，被官兵一把推开，眼睁睁看着自己的夫君被官兵带走了。自此孟姜女日夜思君，茶不思，饭不想，忧伤不已。转眼冬天来了，大雪纷纷，姜女想丈夫修长城，天寒地冻，无衣御寒，便日夜赶着缝制棉衣，边做边唱起了自编的小曲：“月儿弯弯分外明，孟姜女丈夫筑长城，哪怕万里迢迢路，送御寒衣是浓情。”一夜之间，做好棉衣，孟姜女千里迢迢，踏上路程。一路上跋山涉水，风餐露宿，不知饥渴，不知劳累，昼夜不停地往前赶，这一日终于来到了长城脚下。可长城下民夫数以万计，到哪里去找呢?她逢人便打听，好心的民夫告诉她，万喜良早就劳累致死，被埋在长城里筑墙了。 孟姜女一听，心如刀绞，便求好心的民工引路来到了万喜良被埋葬的长城下。坐在城下，孟姜女悲愤交加：想自己千里寻夫送寒衣，尽历千难万险，到头来连丈夫的尸骨都找不到，怎不令人痛断柔肠。愈想愈悲，便向着长城昼夜痛哭，不饮不食，如啼血杜鹃，望月子规。这一哭感天动地，白云为之停步，百鸟为之噤声。直哭了三天三夜，忽听轰隆隆一阵山响，一时间地动山摇，飞沙走石，长城崩倒了八百里，这才露出万喜良的尸骨。长城倾倒八百里，惊动了官兵，官兵上报秦始皇。 秦始皇悖然大怒，下令把孟姜女抓来。等孟姜女被抓，秦始皇一见她生的貌美，便欲纳她为正宫娘娘。孟姜女说：“要我作你的娘娘，得先依我三件事：一要造长桥一座，十里长，十里阔;二要十里方山造坟墩;三要万岁披麻戴孝到我丈夫坟前亲自祭奠。”秦始皇想了想便答应了。不几日，长桥坟墩已全都造好，秦始皇身穿麻衣，排驾起行，过长城上长桥，过了长桥来到坟前祭奠。祭毕，秦始皇便要孟姜女随他回宫。孟姜女冷笑一声道：“你昏庸残暴，害尽天下黎民，如今又害死我夫，我岂能作你的娘娘，休可妄想!”说完便怀抱丈夫遗骨，跳入了波涛汹涌的大海。一时间，浪潮滚滚，排空击岸，好像在为孟姜女悲叹。 好了，旅客们，我们今天的游览到此结束，希望大家有机会去参观我们中国别的自然景观，再见。 名胜导游词 篇3Lady and Genlenmen: Welcome to HunLunbeier Grassland! First of all, Id like to tell you why People call this bdautiful grassland Hulunbeier grassland. There is a moving legend behind it. A long, long time ago there lived a couple of lovers on the grassland. The girl was a Hu lun. The boy was Bei Er. One day a demon chief called Mang Gusi abducted HuLun and dried up the grassland. The grass withered and yellowed and domestic animals died one after another.In order to save the grassland and Hu Lun, BeiEr traved a great distance on foot, chasing after Mang Gasi day and night. Finally, he fainted from exhaustion. In his weakened state, he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lu,Bei Er traveled a great distance on foot, chasing after Mang Gasi day and night. Finally, he fainted from exhaustion.In his weakened state, he dreamt that the demon chief had magically turned Hu Lun into a flower which was and suffering from the windy dream in front of him. He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell. Hu Lun changed back into her former self. But the demon chief would not give up. He immediately watered the flower and broke the spell. Hu Lun changed back in to her former self. But the demon chief would not give up. He seized Hu Lun and took her away again. Hu Lun racked her brain for a way to escape. She succeeded in getting hold of the magic pearl on the demon chief`s head. On swallowing the pearl Hu Lun turned into a lake. In the meantime BeiEr had killed all of the other demons, but failed to find Hu Lun. Heartbroken, Bei Er jumped in to a lake to kill himself.All of a sudden the earth split open and formed two lakes, Hu Lun lake and Bei Er Lake, with the Wilson River closely connecting them. Later,people living on the grassland named the land hulunbeier Grassland in momory of them. HuLunbeier covers an area of 250.557 square kilometers,with a totel population of 2.66 million. The Mongolian natiality is the dominant ethic group, and 35 other nationlities,such as Dawoer, Ewenke, Elunchun, Han, Manchu, Russian, etc. live in harmony with them on the grassland. Hunlunbeier is called green and clean land because it is relatively free of pollution. (Entering the grassland) Now were setting foot on Hunlunbeier Grassland. All of us have escaped from the city and its clamour and entered a place like a dreamland,Look! The grassland looks like asoft, green cerpet, Nowyou can enjoy the beautiful scenery in the distance; numeros kinds of wild flowers are in bloom, and wisps of smoke are rising continuously from the yurta scattered on the grassland. When the gentle breeze brushes against the grass, herds of horses and cattle and flock of sheep seem to be drifting from here ro there. What a beautiful picture! (Visiting a yurt) This is the yurt we saw from the bus just now. Look!The host and his family have come out of the to greet us. Of couse, this is not an arranged reception, to be sure. But before we enter the yurt, Idlike to make a brief introduction on the folk costoms here. No matter which yurt you happen to visit, you will finethat on hesring your footsteps the Mongolian people will extend a warm welcome outsite the yurt, to do justice to their reputed hospitality. When greeting you, they will put their hands against their chests and bow slightly. With a how do you do, They invite their guestsin. Male guests are invited to sit on the left and female on the right, while host sits in midle. The moment you take your seats, your host will have milk tea and various kinds of milk products pleaced in front of you. After a white, you will most probably probabyly be asked to help yourself to a special course called shouba lamd. As a way of showing respct to his distinguished guest, your hast will prsent you with a hada( a piece of silk used as a greeting gift), Together with a cup of lacal wine. Mongolians are well known for theirtalent in singing and dancing.Their beautiful songs are as entertaining and pleasant as the blue sky, white clouds, greengrass and fresh flowers, In folk culture, there is a saying that a feast is not a true feast without the company of songs. Every person in the grassland, man or woman, old or young, can sing folk songs. When proposing toasts to their guests, they will show their hospitality by singing folksongs and playing special fiddles. The Mongolian people have lived on the vast grassland for a long time, and they have refined their talent for sing and dancing. You can not only please your eyes with their traditional ethnic dancing but also with their mondern ones featuring merry rhythms and vigorous steps.Now let`s enter the yurt and take advantage of this opportunity to be guests in a Mongolian herdsman`s home. (Stepping out of the yurt) Under the blue sky and white clouds, you will see a vivid picture of flocks of sheep and herds of cattle, galloping horses and skillful herdsen on horseback brandishing horsewhips. Do you want to go for a ride ? If you are skilled at riding, why not ride a Mongolian horse for a while or wander about on camelback?If you are afraid of riding horses or camels,never mind. You still can enjoy the nomandic life by taking a special Mongolian vehicle called a Lele. (Briefing on the physique of Mongolians) Now you have had a look at the grassland with your own eyes, but did you noticed that the Mongolian girls are graceful,elegant and vigorous, and the young fellow are robust, heroic and muscular? It is said that this has much to do with their life styles which are connected with horse sports,running and pursuing.Further,the important role played by milk tea and milk products in developing their muscles and bones canot be underestimated. (Briefing on the dietary habit of Mongolians) Lets start with milk tea,The host minces the tea and put it in a kettle to boil it. When the kettle starts boiling with a gurgling sound, the host pours the fresh milk into it. Thus the herdsman coming in from a snowstorm will warm up immediately after having such a cup of milk tea. A bowl of milk tea, stir-fried rice, several piece of a dry milk product and some lamb is regarded as a delicious meal by the ordinary Mongolian herdsman. Milk products include the skin of boiled milk, milk curd, milk wine, cheese, butter and so on. The formal meal may be served with meat and a flour-base product. While you are here on the grassland, it will be a great pity if you do not try Shouba Lamb(boil meat which is eaten using a knife and your hands).The lamb is first cut into big slices and then put into boiling water to cook.When it is half done, you cut it into smaller pieces with the Mongolian knife and eat it. TheMongolian people think that half-done meat contains more nutrients. (Briefing on Mongolian clothing) The Mongolian robe is unique to this ethnic group. The robe is often matched with a belt and head decorations.With its high collar and long sleeves, the robe protects people from mosquitoes. The middle part of the robe is made loose for the convenience of riding horses and is long enough to keep the knees warm. You can find all kinds of clothes here today, but the robe is the cultural heritage of the Mongolians and has become a symbol of their national conscience and identity. (Briefing on Mongolian yurta) You can see mongolian yurta here and there on grassland.But do you know the history and structure of the mongolian yurta?According to the historical records of the Xiongnu,an ancient ethnic group, their ancestors lived in the Northland long ago. Their living quarters were called yurta. In this sense Mongolians, as a ethnic group, can date to 4,000 years ago. So the Mongolian yurta are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group. Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt are a symbol of the history of this ethnic group, Now let`s talk about the construction of a yurt. Herdsmen first build a round foundation with pieces of stones, Then they set up the structure with wodden wods and beams linked together with wollen or fur ropes,Lastly, they cover the structure with animal skins or felt blankets.The ceiling of the yurt is round. With such a structure, the yurt can withstand snowstorms and heavy rainfalls. The door of the yurt is small and down to the ground. The yurt can be easily moved and this is suitable for nomadic life.This accounts for the reason why the structure of the yurt remains unchanged till today. If the Mongolian yurt is seen as the home of the herdsmen, then the lelecarts can be viewed as their mobile homes. lelecarts move slowly with big noise. It is hard to tell when the history of lelecarts began. All the carts are made of birch, so they will reain in good condition even in wet weather. The wheels of the carts are tall and can easily roll across the uneven roads, lush bushes, thick snow and marshes. lelecarts are indispensable for herdsmen when they move cross snow-covered areas. (Briefing on Mongolian festivals) There are a lot of Mogolian festivals held every year on the grassland, but the most famous one is Nadam,the carnival the grassland. Nadamin the Mongolian language means recreation or entertainment. When it comes, there will be a lot of performances,such as horse racing, wrestling, archery and some other special ethnic performances. The Nadam fair is a time-honored festival and was known world wide for 700years, Nowadays the Nadam fair is often held during the harvest season of the grassland, either in June or July.During that period, herdsmen often take the opportunity to sell domestic animals and livestock products and purchasse daily necessilties and livelihood-related goods. Acturally, the herdsmen have few chances to get together on such a vast grassland, so Nadam also plays the role of a big trade fair for them, When we talk about Nadam, we should also talk about offering sacrifice at Aobao.Aobao in Mogolian means a pile of rocks or earth. On the vast and endless grassland, it is hard to tell directions, so people thought of pilling rocks or earth to mark them, In its long historical development Aobao has become the shrine to offer scrifices to the God of the Mountain and the God of the Road.During the sacrifice offering ceremony,people insert tree branches into the Aobao and put pieces of colorful cloth or paper flags with written scripture on the branches There are four types of memorial ceremonies, namely blood,wine,fire and jade. No matter what type it is, a lama will be invited to butn incenses, chant scriptures and pray for the blessing of the people and their livestock. Participants will walk around the Aobao clockwise three times.After the ceremony, the herdmen will not only enjoy horse races,wrestling and archery, but also singing, dancing and drinking to their heart`s content. Around that time, young lovers will probably leave the crowd to be in a world of their own. Dear,distinguished guests,after this tour of this grassland I believe you must have a general idea of how the Mongolian pelple live here and may een feel reluctant to leave the beautiful hulunbeier Grassland. I belive the grassland and its people enjoyed your visit as much as you did and look forward to your next one. Ladies and Gentlemen,I hope to have another chance to meet you again on this very land, the Hulunbeier Grassland. Goodbye and good luck. 名胜导游词 篇4欢迎您来到甲骨文的故乡参观，希望通过我的讲解能使您对殷商文化有一个大致的了解。1961年，国务院把殷墟公布为全国首批重点文物保护单位。为了保护和利用殷墟，使其不再遭受人为破坏，经国家有关部门的批准，在殷墟宫殿区遗址上兴建了“殷墟博物馆”。 殷墟之所以闻名世界，有三个非常重要的因素：甲骨文、青铜器和都城。首先就是甲骨文(有关甲骨文的情况稍后再介绍)。我们先来看看进苑的这座大门，这座门是由北京著名古建筑学专家杨鸿勋教授专门设计的，它是仿甲骨文的“门”字的写法而建。它看似简单，却是最原始的大门，可称其为华夏“门”的鼻祖。我们再看看门框上的这些图案，浮雕着凤、虎、饕餮和蝉等花纹。门额苑名由著名历史学家周谷城先生题写。整个苑门庄严大方，朱墨雕彩，古风古韵，古香古色。门两侧墙上浮雕殷代龙形玉决，仿佛显示我们都是龙的传人。此苑门和仿殷殿建筑的人文景观已经成为古都安阳的象征。 当世界上多数民族还停留在石器时代，生活在这里的人们，已经进入青铜时代。这也正是殷墟闻名于世界的第二个原因。 您现在看到的这件青铜器，就是著名的司母戊大方鼎的仿制品。司毋戊鼎1939年从王陵区出土，通高1.33米，长1.10米，宽0.78米，重达875公斤，是迄今为止世界上所发掘的最大的一件青铜器，是我们的国宝。如此大的重器，浇铸起来特别困难。据估计制造这样的重器需要明确的分工和协作，从炼铜的浇铸，从制模到拆范需要130多人同时施工。青铜器中，铜、锡、铅的含量比例，与现代所铸青铜中铜、锡、铅的比例基本相同中，我们可以想象当时治炼技术是何等的高超。鼎最开始的作用只是一口煮肉用的'锅，到后来，随着生产力的发燕尾服，逐渐变成了权力的象征。 提到殷墟闻名于世的第三个因素，无疑就是商朝的都城。呈现在我们面前的，就是建筑在商朝都城宫殿遗址上复原的仿殷大殿。它好似殷都的心脏，是商王议事朝拜的场所。这个建筑是“茅茨土阶，四阿重屋”的建筑方式，也就是茅草盖顶，夯土台阶、四面斜坡、双重屋檐，整个大殿宏伟庄严。 大殿现在陈列着甲骨文，让我们进入大殿系统了解一下甲骨文的一些知识。甲骨文是1899年由清朝国子监祭酒王懿荣首先发现的。当年我们脚下这片土地还是片农田，周围的村民经常在泥土中挖出一些甲骨片。但当时他们并不知道这是什么，就随便扔掉了。后来村里的剃头匠李成，为顾客剃头时，经常会划破头皮出血。他没钱买药，就用这些骨片磨成粉末涂在伤口上，发现血竟然止住了，才知道这便是中药的一味，唤作龙骨。于是开始大量地卖到药店。当时药店大多只收购不带字的龙骨。所以许多农民把骨片上的字刮掉后再出售。非常遗憾，不知多少病人把这些甲骨文都喝到肚子里，幸好有些带字的甲骨卖到京津两地，被王懿荣发现，并确认为我国最早的文字——甲骨文。我们先来看一个展柜，这是著名的h127甲骨文堆积坑模型，是1936年在小屯北地一个窖穴里出土的，是目前殷墟发现甲骨文最多的一次，总共有17096片。大部分是龟甲组成的，上面记载的是商人占卜的结果，以及商朝的天象、历法、家业、军事、政治等各方面的社会内容。这个甲骨坑被专家们认定为世界上最早的图书馆和档案库。 从这个档案库中我们不难看出，商王从事的占卜活动特别频繁，几乎是无日不占，无事不卜，那么让我们来了解一下商朝人是怎样占卜的。商王占卜一般是由专人来进行的，他们先在已选好的龟甲或牛肩胛骨的北面凿一些排列整齐的小圆孔，圆孔的旁边再凿一条长槽，然后把燃烧的木炭放到里面灼烧。骨头受热以后，正面就会随着“卜”的一声出现裂纹，商王就是根据这些裂纹来判断事情的吉凶。现在您看到的这些甲骨片上的文字就是占卜祸福、判断吉凶的简单记事，因此我们也称这些文字为甲骨文卜辞。 名胜导游词 篇5各位旅客大家好，我是这次负责带领大家游览圣淘沙岛的导游，很高兴在这个千载难逢的机会与大家相遇，希望我能陪伴大家度过一个愉快的旅途。 新加坡是东南亚一个岛国，由本岛与周围数岛组成，是亚洲著名的旅游国度之一。属于热带雨林气候，全年湿热且昼夜温差小，这里雨量充足，所以来新加坡的游客都会携带雨具。这里旅游景点众多，著名的要属热带植物园、鱼尾狮公园、裕廊飞禽公园和圣淘沙岛了，每年都会吸引不少外地游客前来观光游玩。 圣淘沙岛临近新加坡岛南部，面积390公顷，是除新加坡岛以外的第三大岛。这里自然风景绮丽迷人，让人不得以就联想到《圣经》中描绘的"伊甸园"。小岛继续了新加坡"花园城市"的味道，是当地政府旅游政策极力推荐的一处景点。 大家看，这里拥有83米透明海底隧道，能让游人悠闲地体验凶猛的鲨鱼在咫尺之间呼啸而过，并观赏罕见的海洋生物在您身边嬉戏。新加坡海底世界不但饲养各类的海洋生物如鲨鱼、魔鬼鱼、石头鱼、海鳝等，它还在海洋环保方面扮演了举足轻重的角色。下面我们一起去探个究竟吧。 鳐鱼同乐 大家看，这是一个巨大的鳐鱼缸，魔鬼鱼在鱼缸中急速而上，一不小心就会碰到你的手。游客们可以与鳐鱼近距离接触，触摸并给它们喂食。如此愉悦而与众不同的经历必定让你回味无穷。 礁石上的珍宝 你们看，这里是圣淘沙岛不可多得的海底礁石生态群的微小生物展。那些迷人美丽的小生物就是有让人目不暇接的能力。 神奇反重力互动概念鱼箱或神奇鱼箱 大家可通过这个神奇鱼箱的一侧开口去喂养关在里面的游鱼，无需担心水花溅出水箱。在正常环境，按物理规律，如果水箱加满水，水将从其中间的洞里流出。但是，重力对神奇鱼箱不起任何作用。鱼箱结构采用独特设计，该设计使鱼箱顶部形成真空并保持低压状态，因此水就不会从鱼箱出口流出。 圣淘沙岛海底世界的鱼池足疗馆 海底世界除了让游客尽情观赏奇幻的海洋生物，同时还精心提供了让他们放松身体的"鱼池"足疗。大家可以感受到把脚放入鱼池中，让小鱼把客人脚上的死皮吃光，那种奇妙的体验。而之后还会再做一个舒适的足部按摩。 水下婚礼 这里兴许有些幸福的意味，试想一下你和自己的"心上人"在美丽的圣淘沙岛上举办一个别开生面的水下婚礼，是不是在你一生当中最浪漫的事呢。 圣淘沙岛的海豚乐园 大家现在所处的位置是，这个神秘的海豚乐园，大家可以在此见证海豚的各种绝活，如腾空翻身、尾巴踩水和吊嗓子等。您还可涉入水中触摸海豚，或选择身临水中与海豚共舞！在专人的指导下，游客可在与海豚嬉戏之余，进一步了解它们的生活习性。瞧！那只粉色的海豚可是这里的宠儿，据说它可是海豚家族中的精灵。 英比亚山天然保护区 大家现在将要去往圣淘沙岛的英比亚山天然保护区的自然小径与龙迹小径，您将越过中级雨林来到英比亚山峰，鸟瞰美丽的海景与附近的岛屿。以缆车大厦为起点的自然走道，全程长1。5公里。眼锐的人也可以捕捉在林中觅食的动物踪影，如长尾短尾猿、松鼠、热带蜥蜴与超过20几种的飞禽。与自然走道相连的龙道为周围葱绿青翠的环境增添了几许神秘的传奇色彩。 西乐索海滩 在圣淘沙岛，这个西乐索海滩是众多沙滩排球迷的聚集地也是新加坡海滩排球盛行的发原地。这里宽而长的沙滩除了有咖啡座、沙滩酒吧与精品商店，还有许多户外活动设施如独木舟、滑水板、骑车与滑轮等，吃喝玩乐，样样俱全。适合全家大小共聚天伦的巴拉湾海滩设有多个小吃店、精品商店与具备无线网络的沙滩酒吧。 水上运动 海滩水上运动除了游泳、帆船、水上单车、沙滩排球外，喜欢紧张刺激的话，还可试试圣淘沙香格里拉酒店附近海边的"空中飞人"，定会让您大呼痛快。 巴拉湾海滩 大家现在来到了圣淘沙岛最引人入胜的巴拉湾海滩，在海面上横跨着一座吊桥直接连接一方的小岛。吊桥的另一端是亚洲大陆的最南端，也是亚洲最接近赤道的地方。踏过吊桥到亚洲大陆极南点可以眺望迷人的南中国海。 丹戎海滩 我们现在所在的是圣淘沙岛最宁静的丹戎海滩，可以看到有的游客慵懒地躺在沙滩上，任习习凉风轻抚；坐在清爽的树荫下，惬意地翻阅书刊，悠悠自在得让人称羡。每当夜幕低垂，满天星斗，远处停泊的.船只，船灯会在黑夜的海上一闪一闪，与天上的星星遥相呼应，景致极为浪漫。 鱼尾狮塔 大家现在看到的是圣淘沙岛高37米的鱼尾狮塔，它是新加坡的旅游标志。塔顶将呈现360度无阻挡的视角，让您欣赏新加坡的市貌及周围小岛的美景。除此之外另一处景点Carlsberg摩天塔也是一个从高空鸟瞰美景好地点。据说那里的巨型缆车可一次过载送72人上高空，欣赏7分钟的美景。 音乐喷泉 音乐喷泉可不光光是个配上了音乐的喷泉那么简单。它集合了芭蕾音乐、彩光灯和激光等先进的技术，利用最先进的激光科技、影像、三维立体动画、音乐等编排了一出出灵人振奋的表演，呈现出绝美的场面。因为结合了灯光和激光，音乐喷泉最美的时光自然是在夜幕降临之后，是圣淘沙岛夜晚最迷人的景点之一。 梦幻岛 大家现在来到了圣淘沙岛的水上乐园——梦幻岛，它是亚洲最大的水上乐园。刺激的水上游戏有水滑梯、弯管滑梯、筏子、以及从几层楼高的地方滑下水池等等的游戏，光听到这些就知道有多带劲了吧。 新世纪高尔夫球场 大家现在所看到的是圣淘沙岛上唯一的一个高尔夫球场，可以看到球场修得相当漂亮，感兴趣的朋友可以在这里与朋友在这里一展身手，肯定别有一番滋味在心头。 好了，今天大家在圣淘沙岛的所有景点就介绍完了，相信大家此刻还有些意犹未尽吧，那么接下来的时间就交给大家自由活动，请各位注意安全！ 名胜导游词 篇6西安碑林始建于北宋哲宗元祐二年(公元1087年)，最初是漕运使吕大忠等人为保藏因唐末五代战乱而委弃市井的唐《石台孝经》、《开成石经》及颜真卿、柳公权等所书的著名石碑而兴建的，经金、元、明、清、民国历代的维修及增建，规模不断扩大，藏石日益增多，1961年被国务院列为全国第一批重点文物保护单位。 碑林 将众多矗立的石碑集中在某一园落里，供人们观瞻欣赏、研习借鉴的场所，称为"碑林"。著名的如西安碑林，陈列汉至清代的各种石碑、墓志二千余件，与曲阜孔庙碑林和泰山岱庙碑林合称三大碑林。古代碑林具有极高的文献价值和艺术价值，是研究祖国历史和艺术的珍贵第一手资料。----《古代碑帖鉴赏》费声骞 西安碑林，是在保存唐代石经的基础上发展起来的，碑林不只是以历史悠久、保存碑石之多、规模之大著称于世，而更重要的，还是这些碑石文字珍贵的史料价值和书法艺术价值。 名胜导游词 篇7Hello, everyone! Welcome to Hunan for sightseeing. "I want to have a dreamand a bright future in Hibiscus country." Hunan is the hometown of Mao Zedong.It has beautiful scenery, long history and profound culture. It can be said thatit is a treasure of nature and outstanding people. Hunan is located in the South Bank of the middle reaches of the YangtzeRiver. It is named "Hunan" because it is located in the south of Dongting Lake,the second largest freshwater lake in China. In history, the name of "Hunan"first appeared in the administrative division, which began in the second year ofGuangde in Tang Dynasty (the "Hunan observation envoy" was set up in Hunan),that is, in 764 ad. Hunan is adjacent to Hubei in the north, Guangdong andGuangxi in the south, Jiangxi in the East, Chongqing and Guizhou in the West. Ithas an important strategic position of connecting the East and the West inChina. With a total area of more than 210000 square kilometers and a populationof more than 67 million, the province has residents of 56 ethnic groups livinghere. It has jurisdiction over one autonomous prefecture and 13 prefecture levelcities. Hunan is called "Xiang" for short. People often use "three Xiangsi and fourrivers" to express the whole territory of Hunan, and "Furong country" is also agood name for Hunan. "Xiang" is named for its mother river, Xiangjiang River.The "three Xiang" of "three Xiang and four rivers" means that the water of Xiangis called "Lixiang" when it flows with Li water at the origin, Xiaoxiang when itflows with Xiaoshui at the middle reaches, and steaming Hunan when it flows withsteam water at the lower reaches. "Four Rivers" refers to the four major watersystems throughout Hunan: Xiangjiang River, Zijiang River, Yuanjiang River andLishui river. Therefore, "three Xiangsi rivers" refers to the whole territory ofHunan. Hunan has the reputation of "Furong country" because Sanxiang has atradition of planting shuifurong (Lotus) and Mufurong (Mulian) since ancienttimes. Tang Dynasty poet Tan Yongzhi once wrote in his poem rain in theXiangjiang River in autumn: "the autumn wind is thousands of miles, the lotuscountry, and the rain is thousands of families, the village of Xue Li." Ofcourse, Comrade Mao Zedong's sentence "I want to have a few dreams, and thebeauty of Hibiscus" in "seven laws to answer friends" makes it famous all overthe world. The topography of Hunan is like a horseshoe shaped opening to the north. Itis surrounded by mountains in the East, West and south, and only opens toDongting Lake in the north. This topographical feature determines that therivers in Hunan do not "go to the East", but "go to the north of XiangjiangRiver" and pour 800 Li into Dongting Lake. When you walk into Hunan, it's hardto see a smooth scene. The hills and lakes, mountains and lakes form the mainbody. It's like wearing a zigzag and pitching coat on the land of Hunan. Underthis coat, there are abundant mineral resources. There are 111 kinds of mineralsdiscovered in Hunan Province and 83 kinds of proven reserves. Among thenonferrous metal mines, the reserves of antimony rank first in the world,tungsten and titanium rank first in China, and manganese and vanadium ranksecond in China. Among the non-metallic minerals, fluorite, barite, feldspar,sepiolite, kaolin, albite and other reserves, output and quality are in theforefront of the country. Hunan is known as "the hometown of nonferrous metals"and "the hometown of non metals". Hunan has a subtropical humid monsoon climate with four distinct seasonsand an average temperature of about 17 ℃. In spring, the temperature ischangeable, sometimes with "plum blossom and yellow rain"; in summer, the hotperiod is long, known as "stove"; in autumn, although there are many droughts,the air is crisp; in winter, the cold period is short, occasionally withauspicious snow, indicating a good harvest. Hunan has a long history and the culture of Hunan and Chu is extensive andprofound. According to archaeological findings, primitive people have beenliving in Hunan since 50000-100000 years ago. The excavation of Chengtoushansite in Lixian County proves that the primitive people in Hunan had alreadybegun to live a settled farming life as early as 9000 years ago. In ancienttimes, Chiyou fought with Yanhuang tribes and fled to Hunan after defeat, wherea tribal group called "Sanmiao" was formed. During the spring and Autumn periodand the Warring States period, Chu forces crossed the Yangtze River and DongtingHunan, and the Central Plains culture merged with the local culture, forming aunique style of Chu culture. At that time, Hunan's economic development reacheda fairly advanced level, the manufacture and use of bronze ware became moreextensive, and began to enter the iron age. During the Qin and Han Dynasties,Hunan's economy and culture got further development. The silk books, silkpaintings, silk fabrics and other cultural relics unearthed from Mawangdui Hantomb fully reflected the level of craft and cultural development at that time.By the time of the Three Kingdoms, there were three pillars in the world. HunanProvince was bounded by the Xiangjiang River and belonged to the sphere ofinfluence of Shu and Wu. In 219 ad, Sun Wu seized the whole territory of Hunanand ruled for 60 years. After the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties,Hunan gradually became rich and prosperous, and its agriculture developed byleaps and bounds, and began to become an important rice producing area andsupply place in China. After the Song Dynasty, the water conservancy in DongtingLake area and Sishui River Basin was strengthened day by day, and Hunan became awell-known "land of fish and rice", and gradually gained the reputation of"well-known in the world". Hunan people who "worry about the world and dare tobe the first" began to show their skills from the end of Qing Dynasty to thebeginning of the Republic of China, so that there is a saying that "the generalof Zhongxing, Hunan in the 19th century". In the reform movement, Hunan was "themost dynamic province". During the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, Hunan Leaguefirst responded to and supported the uprising with practical actions, which madeHunan in the forefront of the revolution. After the May 4th movement, Mao Zedongrushed from Shaoshan to the stage of Chinese history and opened a new page ofChinese revolution. The first battle of the Red Army's long march was on theXiangjiang River. Hunan was also an important battlefield in the Anti Japanesewar. From 1939 to 1942, the Chinese and Japanese armies fought in Changsha forthree times, especially the third battle. It was the first great victory of theAllies after the Pacific War, which made the Chinese fight. "Eight years fromLugou, a paper down the book out of Zhijiang." On August 21, 1945, the Japanesearmy submitted the letter of surrender to the Chinese people in Zhijiang, HunanProvince. The eight year Anti Japanese war ended with the victory of the Chinesepeople. "When the river goes to the East, the waves will be washed out, and peopleof all ages will be famous." Looking back at the history of Hunan, how manytalented people in Hunan "hit the water in the middle stream, and the wavesstopped the boats" in the long river of Chinese history and culture? AncientHunan was known as the wild land of "Nanman", which became the exile place ofthe criminal generals since the Warring States period. However, it was thearrival of these guilty ministers that brought Hunan precious cultural wealth.Qu Yuan was demoted to Yuanli valley of Hunan Province for many years, andcreated "Sao style". Lisao, Jiuge and Tianwen were published, which created aprecedent in the cultural history. Song Yu exiled linli for 40 years, inheritedthe literary form of "Ci" and carried it forward. Jia Yi was demoted to Changshafor 4 years in the Western Han Dynasty, and wrote "Ode to Qu Yuan" and "Ode topengniao", which started the Han Dynasty. In Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan and LiuYuxi were demoted to Hunan, where they also found the source of creation. LiuZongyuan's "on feudalism", "Tian Shuo" and "eight chapters of Yongzhou" cameout; Liu Yuxi completed the famous political paper "Tian Lun" and created hisown "Zhuzhi Ci", which opened a new generation of poetry. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, Li qunyu, the first great poet in China,Ouyang Xun, Ouyang Tong and huaisu, the first class calligraphers in China, ZhouDunyi, the founder of Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism and Wang Fuzhi, were born inHunan. "Only Chu has talent, and it is prosperous here." This couplet at the headof Yuelu Academy is the best summary of modern Hunan talents. Under theinfluence of Huxiang culture with the core of "managing the world for practicaluse", the reform pioneers Tao Shu, Wei Yuan, Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, anational hero in the Qing Dynasty, and later Tan Sitong, Huang Xing, Cai E, ChenTianhua, Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and other Sanxiang heroes were created here. After the founding of new China, among the 52 leaders of the centralgovernment, 18 are from Hunan; among the 10 marshals, 3 are from Hunan; amongthe 10 generals, 6 are from Hunan; among the 57 generals, 19 are from Hunan;among the 100 generals, 45 are from Hunan. Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi and Hu Yaobangsuccessively served as the state presidents, and Zhu Rongji served as the StateCouncil. In addition, a large number of cultural celebrities, such as Qi Baishi,Yang Shuda, Tian Han, Shen Congwen, Ding Ling and Zhou Gucheng, are alsowell-known at home and abroad. "It's all the past. I'll count the celebrities and look at the present."Today's Hunan people, adhering to the fine traditions of their predecessors andresponding to the call of the central government to "build a harmonioussociety", are making great strides towards a well-off society. Long history, distinctive culture, talented people, colorful ethnic customsand beautiful natural scenery endow Hunan with rich and unique tourismresources. There are Dongting Lake and Yueyang Tower with the same color ofwater and sky, Nanyue Hengshan with the unique beauty of five mountains, themausoleum of Emperor Yan and Emperor Shun, the paradise of peach blossomdescribed by Tao Yuanming, Zhangjiajie scenic spot listed in the world naturalheritage list by UNESCO, and so on; There are the former residences ofcontemporary revolutionary leaders Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi, as well as worldcultural celebrities Qu Yuan, Cai Lun and Qi Baishi; there are world-famouscultural relics unearthed from Mawangdui Han tomb and the ancient city site ofChengtoushan in Lixian County, which is one of the top ten archaeologicaldiscoveries in China; there are also archaeological discoveries such as Zoumaloubamboo slips of Dongwu, Liye ancient city of Warring States and Qin bambooslips. Of course, the unique ethnic customs such as Tujia weeping marriage, Miaosilver ornaments and Jiangyong women's calligraphy will also make youlinger. With the rapid development of Hunan tourism, Hunan provincial governmenthas taken tourism as a pillar industry to support and build. At present, Hunantourism has been blooming everywhere, and seven tourism routes have beenlaunched, namely Changsha Huaminglou Shaoshan (famous city celebrity tour),Changsha Quzici Yueyang (Xiangchu culture tour), Changsha Zhangjiajie WangcunJishou Fenghuang (landscape and ethnic customs tour), Changsha Nanyue Chenzhou(religious culture and ecological tour), Changsha Liangshan (Geologicalspectacle tour), and Changsha Liangshan (Geological spectacle tour) YanEmperor's Mausoleum - Shun emperor's Mausoleum (root seeking and ancestorworship tour), Changsha - Taojiang - Taohuayuan (idyllic scenery tour). At thesame time, some special tourism festivals have been launched: YueyangInternational Dragon Boat Festival, nanyueshou Cultural Festival and templefair, Liuyang International Fireworks Festival, Zhangjiajie International ForestProtection Festival, Taohuayuan garden fair, Zhuzhou Yan Emperor Mausoleummemorial ceremony, Huaihua Dong Cultural Tourism Festival, Chenzhou landscapeFestival, etc. Hunan is rich in natural resources, and its local products are also richand colorful. The famous handicrafts include Xiang embroidery, Liling underglazeporcelain, Liuyang chrysanthemum stone, Yiyang peach stone carving, XiangxiTujia brocade, Tujia paste painting, Miao silver ornaments, etc.; the famousspecialties include Junshan silver needle tea, Guzhang Maojian tea, Xianglian,Dongting silver fish, Liuyang Douchi, furongwang tobacco, Jiugui Liquor, Baishatop grade tobacco, etc. "Hot girls are hot, hot girls are not afraid of being hot when they areyoung." when you hear song Zuying's "hot girls", you will immediately think ofred peppers. Yes, we Hunan people are famous for not being spicy. Hunan cuisine,as one of the eight major cuisines in China, has a history of more than 3000years. After a long period of development, there are more than 4000 cuisines,including more than 300 famous cuisines. To travel in Hunan, it's natural totaste authentic Hunan cuisine. We Hunan people will certainly receive the guestsall over the world with hot enthusiasm! There are endless beautiful scenery and amorous feelings in Sanxiang.Please open your heart and follow me carefully! 名胜导游词 篇8各位游客们，欢迎诸位来江苏虞山参观游览，虞山为江苏省常熟市境内的一座山，横卧于常熟城西北，北濒长江，南临尚湖，因商周之际江南先祖虞仲(即仲雍)死后葬于此而得名。虞山东南麓伸入古城，故有“十里青山半入城”之誉。虞山景区分虞山公园及虞山国家森林公园两大组成部分，虞山公园在山脚的东部，北门大街上，以古城墙为界，为常熟市亮山工程的一部分。 我叫小陈，是你们的导游，我来自__X旅行社。他叫老王，是我们的司机，他有11年驾驶经验的旅游司机，接下来我们就要开始游览今天美丽的虞山景点了。希望各位游客朋友们旅途愉快。 虞山山体由西北向东南展布，峰峦连绵起伏，海拔263米，南北宽约3公里，东西长约7公里，山脚一圈约20公里。虞山位于常熟古城区的西北部，半入古城，古名乌目山、海隅山、海巫山。因状如卧牛，又称卧牛山，为什么又叫虞山，就和让国先贤仲雍有关，仲雍又叫虞仲是三千多年前商末古公亶父的儿子。 虞山与古城、山南尚湖融为一体，构成独特的景观特色，自然山水秀雅，人文景观丰富，历为江南旅游胜地。虞山和尚湖组成虞山景区，面积40平方公里。1982年被列为国家级太湖风景名胜区的景区之一，同时被列为江苏省重点风景名胜区。由辛峰、维摩、兴福、剑门、小石洞、尚湖6个景区组成。三千多年前在渭水流域也就是现在的陕西岐山一带有一个非常强盛的`周姓部落，首领是古公亶父，也就是周文王的爷爷，他有三个儿子，老大叫泰伯，老二叫仲雍，老三叫季历，季历有个儿子叫昌，也就是后来的周文王，古公亶父觉得昌很有才气，所以对昌十分宠爱，常对人说：“继我业者昌也。”因此古公亶父很想把王位传给姬昌，泰伯和仲雍理解父亲的心意。兄弟两以到南方采药为父亲治病为由，离开了部落，让父亲能顺理成章地传位给周文王。兄弟俩来到了史书上称为荆蛮之地的江南水乡。接受了当地断发纹身的习俗，也把黄河流域相对先进的农耕技术和文化带了过来，受到当地人们的拥戴，建立了“勾吴”小国，泰伯为王，泰伯死后葬在无锡。因泰伯无后代，由仲雍接位。仲雍死后就葬在这山上。百姓为了纪念虞仲，就把此山改称为虞山。虞山国家森林公园主要为虞山山上的部分，可以选择从兴福寺旁索道上山，也可从言子墓、兴福寺、虞山南路等处登山，沿途有维摩山庄、丹桂园、剑门、藏海寺等景点，秋天是最佳的观山季节。在剑门沿线可以远眺到山下尚湖的全貌。常熟历代名人墓葬成群，多集中在虞山之上，这些都是虞山文化精华体现。其中，东麓有常熟最古的墓葬，商代江南先祖虞仲(即仲雍)之墓。此墓北有“南方夫子”言子之墓，南侧为吴国第一代国君周章陵墓。 虞山西鹁鸽峰北有小石洞，深3米，洞顶古树横卧而长，洞内泉溢成池，称洌泉，又名露珠泉;壁镌“天下名泉”。洞口紫藤盘根错节，绿荫覆盖洞顶，为明代所种。由洞而东有秦坡涧(亦称东涧)，水自两峰间飞下，长约百米，虽为茂林掩映，然声如鼓鸣，涧流曲折，异景纷呈，蔚然奇观。小石洞东南麓为元代四大画家之一，常熟画派创始人黄公望之墓。 这里还有许多美丽的景点，我的讲解到这里就完了。接下来我们就一一去游览这些景观，但愿今天的田子坊虞山之游能给您留下难忘的记忆。 名胜导游词 篇9大家好，今天我来带领大家游览文峰塔。 文峰塔是一座非常独特的塔，位于安阳市古城内西北隅，建于后周文顺二年(952年)，迄今已有1000多年的历史。因塔建于天宁寺内，故原名天宁寺塔。1720_年(清乾隆三十七年)，彰德知府黄邦宁主持重新修建天宁寺和塔。他认为塔与南边的孔庙(在今安阳市西大街小学校内)相呼应，二者可以代表古城的文化高峰，便在塔门横额上题了“文峰耸秀”四个大字，于是此塔又得名“文峰塔”，一直沿用到今天。 文峰塔位于安阳市古城内西北隅，高38.65米，周长40米，因塔建于天宁寺内，原名天宁寺塔;又因位于旧彰德府文庙东北方，作为代表当地“文风”的象征，故又称文峰塔。文峰塔建于五代后周广顺二年距今已有一千余年的历史。文峰塔比较独特。 那么文峰塔到底独特在何处呢?现在我们来远观文峰塔。大多数的塔都是由下而上的逐渐缩小，而文峰塔之独特，在于其一反常规，塔身上大而下小，呈伞状，为国内外所罕见。 现在我带领大家来走进文峰塔所在处——天宁寺。文峰塔的最下面是塔基，塔基上是一个圆形莲花座，莲瓣共七层，上下交错，左右舒展，上承塔身，下护塔基，把塔装饰得更为美丽。 圆形莲花座上就是塔身了，塔的最下层塔身较高，四周正面各有一门，其中正南面为真门，其他为假门。券门首额，有砖雕二龙戏珠图像。八角均有巨龙环绕的盘龙柱。 关于文峰塔还有一个美丽的神话呢!说：鲁班和托塔天王打了个赌，托塔天王说：“你要能在一夜之间建出一座塔，我就称你为王!”鲁班说：“好呀!”鲁班吩咐了两个人，一个人建塔的上半部，一个人建塔的下半部。托塔天王看见塔马上就要建好了，就放鸡鸣叫。这时鲁班着急了，便迅速把已经建好的塔的两部分匆匆落在了一起，不料竟然落反了。没办法，虽然落反了，但仍然是座塔。托塔天王就这样输了，文峰塔也就随之而成。 现在大家可以自由登塔游览了! 名胜导游词 篇10Hello everyone! I'm very glad to meet you on such a sunny day. First ofall, on behalf of our company, happy time travel agency, I would like to expressmy heartfelt welcome to you. Thanks to your great fortune, I'm very lucky to beyour guide. My name is Wang. You can just call me Xiao Wang. This one beside meis the one who has made the most painstaking efforts in our journey Our driver,Master Liu, has 30 years of driving experience. You can rest assured that hewill drive. Although our car is not big, it can accommodate all corners of theworld. Since we can get together in this small car from 9.6 million squarekilometers of land, we can borrow Fan Wei's classic saying "fate..." Because offate, we sit together, because fate, we become friends, since we are friends, ifI do something inappropriate, you should put forward it in time, I will correctit immediately. My friends, our car is a blue and white golden dragon. Thelicense plate number is __X, and the last two digits of the license plate numberare __, which is our group number. I hope you can pay attention to theidentification when you get on and off. There is a song called "often go home tohave a look", there is a desire called "often come out for a walk", that istourism, tourism is important, but safety is the most important. It is said thatthe world is like a book. If you don't travel, you can read only one page of thebook: now let's travel together, let's read this page of China together. Next,let's read the first chapter: this page belongs to Hunan. The first section isChangsha, our first stop today. Dear friends, the place we just passed by is Changsha railway station. Itstarted construction in 1975 and was completed in 1977. At that time, it wascalled China's three major railway stations together with Beijing railwaystation and Guangzhou railway station. At the same time, when it was completed,it was also one of the top ten buildings in China at that time. There are 16railway bureaus and two Railway Group companies on the national railway network.It can be said that there are countless trains issued every day. One of them isvery special, that is, train T1. Train T1 starts in Beijing and ends inChangsha. We think that this is a special symbolic meaning. It is Mao Zedongfrom Hunan who created new China. Changsha in Hunan is always connected withBeijing. Now we can see that the main building of Changsha railway station is abell tower, which will ring the song "Dongfanghong" every hour. Its shape is atorch, some friends say it is like a red hot pepper, symbolizing the uprightnessand blood of Hunan people. In the cultural revolution, after Deng Xiaoping's comeback, he emphasizedthe development of national economy and gave full play to the great role ofRailway "artery". Modeling reflects "a single spark can start a prairie fire".It was during the cultural revolution that the new railway station in Changshawas of special political significance. Hunan is Chairman Mao's hometown,Changsha is Chairman Mao's early revolutionary activities in the city, politicalsignificance is extraordinary. Therefore, the higher authorities require thatthe shape of Changsha railway station can express the theme of "a single sparkcan start a prairie fire". In order to show this theme, designers have carriedout extensive discussion and put forward many design schemes. Build a "nationalstyle" bell tower and torch. Due to the special political requirements in theconstruction of Changsha railway station and various assumptions, Changsharailway station has finally determined a unique facade scheme: a field shapedplane with staggered front and rear floors and tunnel entrance, and a bell towertorch with national style, which symbolizes that Changsha is the first placewhere Chairman Mao ignited the revolutionary fire. The bell tower is anindispensable part of the station design. Its appearance is necessary both fromthe needs of the people and from the construction of the station. Some expertswho reported in Beijing also attended the seminar. At the time of the report,Minister Wan Li paid more attention to the modeling. He suggested that thedesign should reflect the concept of Chairman Mao's early revolutionary memorialsite and the characteristics of traffic architecture, and that there must be abell tower. The bell tower is the modeling center of the whole facade, withoutcareful consideration, it will affect the overall situation. The top of the belltower adopts the traditional style of ancient Chinese architecture, but thecornice is not warped and there is no curve, which makes it a little new in thetradition. Finally, the design decided to use triple eaves glazed tile roof.According to the needs of Changsha urban planning at that time, the bell towerwas in the middle of the top of the station, facing the central axis of WuyiRoad. The music was selected as the most popular "Oriental red" at thattime. The use of "Oriental red" reflects the love for Chairman Mao. The wholemachine room of the clock tower is customized in Shanghai and then transportedto Changsha for installation. The music played was also made in Shanghai clockfactory. The towering clock tower has become the new commanding height ofChangsha. You can see it from Laodao River in the north to Xiangjiang bridge inthe West. At that time, Changsha railway station was the tallest building inChangsha. At that time, the requirement for the bell tower was that the traincould see the bell tower and the torch when passing through Laodaohe station,and the sound of telling the time could be heard a few kilometers away. WangChengzong, 32 years ago, was in charge of propaganda in the railway department.He recalled that the authorities required that there must be a huge torch on thetop of the main building of the station, which symbolized that Hunan wasChairman Mao's hometown and ignited the flames of the Chinese revolution. In thespecific design, the "orientation" of the flame has become a puzzle. Judgingfrom the current location of the railway station, it's east facing west.Generally speaking, if the front of the torch is in the west, if the torch isgoing to fly, it should take the front as the positive direction of the torch,that is to say, the torch is going to fly to the East. From then on, there was apolitical problem, "because Chairman Mao once said: the east wind prevails overthe west wind, the east wind shows the strength of the revolutionary people, andthe west wind marks a decadent system. If the torch flies to the East, won't thewest wind overwhelm the east wind? That won't work. It's a political mistake. "If the design is based on "east wind overwhelms west wind", the torch will floatfrom east to west. In that case, the main entrance of the station faces west,which is neither reasonable nor beautiful. Wanli clapped the torch and the flamewas burning in the sky. After a long time, no one could solve the problem of thewind direction of the torch, so we had to discuss it collectively. But we can'tcome up with a way to get the best of both worlds. In order to make a plan assoon as possible, Minister Wan Li finally made a decision and came up with aplan that everyone had no objection to -- no wind, the torch flame is burning inthe sky! The flame is rushing into the sky, looking red, especially like a redpepper. It happens that Hunan people love to eat pepper. People from all overthe country who come to Changsha railway station say that this is Hunan people'sfavorite pepper. The flat road we are walking now is Wuyi Avenue. Wuyi Avenue was built in1951, so it is called Wuyi Road. Wuyi Road starts from the railway station inthe East and ends at Xiangjiang bridge in the west, with a total length of 4138meters. It is one of the main roads in Changsha, and it is also the east-westaxis of the whole city. It used to be relatively narrow. The road is only 19meters wide. In 20__, the provincial government invested more than 600 millionyuan to rebuild Wuyi Avenue. You can see that now Wuyi Avenue is full of trafficand orderly. There are eight motorways running back and forth, with an averagewidth of 60 meters. Wuyi Avenue is the straightest, longest, widest and mostbeautiful Central Avenue in Changsha. It passes through the most prosperousareas in Changsha. For example, Huangxing South Road Pedestrian Street, the mostpopular commercial pedestrian street in Changsha, is on its south side. Theurban construction of Changsha, especially the road construction, has developedrapidly after 20__. There is also such a small story about the road constructionin Changsha, which is popular among the people. It is said that at the 15thNational Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1998, Comrade ZhangYunchuan, the former governor of Hunan Province, was personally received by ZhuRongji. He was a native of Changsha County. At that time, he said such asentence to governor Zhang in Changsha Dialect: "Xiao Zhang, you should makemore roads when you go back." Changsha dialect means to do more practical thingsand do something good for the common people. Governor Zhang is not a local. Hethinks he wants him to build more roads, so many urban trunk roads have beenbuilt in recent years, such as Yanjiang Avenue, Huangxing South Road, JiefangWest Road, etc. From 20__ to 20__, Changsha's urban construction investmentreached more than 75 billion yuan, which greatly improved the appearance ofChangsha. Xiao Wang noticed that some friends in our group have been looking out ofthe car window. Are you paying attention to the greening on both sides of thestreet? Careful friends may see that there are two rows of trees on both sidesof the road. The tree species with big leaves near the road is Magnoliagrandiflora, which is a tree species that Chairman Mao likes very much. If youhave ever been to Dishui cave in Shaoshan, you will know There are many tallmagnolia trees outside the No.1 building of Dishui cave. The row of small leavesinside is camphor tree, which is the city tree of Changsha. Camphor balls usedin our daily life are extracted from camphor leaves. Camphor wood furniture isalso a good furniture, mothproof, durable. As we all know, Hunan is thebirthplace of Hunan embroidery, one of the four famous embroideries. Thehigh-end Hunan embroidery products are made of silk thread on silk fabrics. Weshould pay attention to moisture-proof, mildew proof and insect proof. If westore them in Cinnamomum camphora wooden boxes, we can effectively preventinsects from biting. In the past, when our daughter got married in rural areas,our mother had to send a Cinnamomum camphora wooden box to store quilt covers.Camphor trees generally grow in the south of the Yangtze River. We may see fewfriends from the north in our regiment, but it doesn't matter. When we get toZhangjiajie scenic area, there are all over the mountains and fields. You cantake a closer look. After that, Xiao Wang will introduce to you the flowers ofHunan Province and Changsha City. The flower of Hunan Province is hibiscus.Because of the crisscross rivers and rivers in Hunan, lotus and Mulian have beenplanted everywhere since Han and Tang Dynasties. Tang Dynasty poet Tan Yongzhionce wrote in the rain on the Xiangjiang River in autumn that the hibiscuscountry in the "autumn wind thousands of Li, dusk rain thousands of families,Xue Li village" refers to Hunan Province. In 1961, Chairman Mao's poem "sevenrhythms answer friends" also contains "I want to have a few dreams, hibiscuscountry" The city flower of Changsha is called Rhododendron, also known asYINGSHANHONG. It is a common ornamental flower, which can be seen in many partsof the country. The azalea is also the city flower of Chairman Mao's hometownShaoshan City. On the occasion of Chairman Mao's 100th birthday, the azalea,which originally opened in March and April, competed to open in the cold winterand became a great spectacle at that time. Now we are at the crossroads of Yuanjialing, the provincial Party committeeto the north and Shaoshan road to the south. Our current location is Furong square, which is the larger of the fivesquares along Wuyi Avenue. It is named after Furong Road, which intersects WuyiRoad. Furong Road is a north-south traffic trunk road. It is also a financialstreet in Changsha City. There is a bank or securities company every tens ofmeters. It is a commercial street of every inch of land and money in ChangshaCity. With the acceleration of the integration process of Changsha, Zhuzhou andXiangtan in Hunan Province, Furong Road is gradually extending with the times.At present, the total length of Furong Road is nearly 50 km. As early as 20__,it surpassed Beijing Chang'an Road and became the longest urban road in China,known as "the first road in China". Now look at the center of the square. Thereis a beautiful sculpture called "Liuyang River" in the middle of the square. Itportrays the image of a goddess with long hair fluttering in the wind andplaying the violin. Her hair is curly, with a total of nine bends. It representsa famous river in our province --- Liuyang River. In addition, the uniqueness ofthe statue lies in the fact that there are a lot of staff on her hair. Thecomplete spelling is the song "Liuyang River". "Liuyang River" is a popular folksong sung by Hunan singer Li Guyi. Where is Liuyang River? It's in the east ofChangsha City. If you come from the airport, you have to pass the Liuyang RiverBridge. OK, now we're at May 1 square. Wuyi Square is located in the center ofChangsha business circle, and it is also the area with the longest history inChangsha. The city site of ancient Changsha is today's Wuyi Square and itssurrounding area. In thousands of years of history, around Wuyi Square hasalways been the official site of ancient Changsha. At present, Wuyi businessdistrict has been firmly in the leading position of Changsha Central BusinessDistrict, affecting the whole of Hunan. In the eyes of Changsha people, WuyiSquare is the center of the old city, the intersection of Huangxing Road andWuyi Road. In the middle of the road, there are green gardens, quotation steles,traffic control desk, etc. In the north, it reaches the entrance of Zijingstreet where Liaoyuan cinema is located; in the south, it takes Yaowang streetand dongpailou as the dividing points; To the west, Hunan theater and the first commercial bureau of the city; tothe East, the provincial supply and Marketing Cooperative (now new worlddepartment store) and Nanyang street. Wuyi Square has a strong commercialatmosphere, which is called Wuyi business district. In 20__, due to theconstruction of Changsha Metro Line 2, Wuyi Square, which is in the goldensection, will have to carry out overall quality improvement. According to therelevant units of the project, the appearance of the reconstructed Wuyi Squareis still a green square, but two large underground parking lots with a hugeunderground shopping mall and 1300 cars are added. It is expected that theproject will be fully completed and put into use with the completion of thesubway station of Wuyi Square in the second half of 20__. By that time, the newWuyi Square will be presented to the people of Hunan. Now we arrive at Huangxing Road Pedestrian Street. Huangxing South RoadPedestrian Commercial Street is 838 meters long and 23-26 meters wide from theNorth Qisi gate to the south gate. It includes nearly 10000 square meters ofHuangxing square, with a total commercial area of 250000 square meters, of which150000 square meters are newly built, with a total investment of 1 billion yuan.It is a comprehensive place integrating shopping, leisure, entertainment,catering, culture and tourism. By highlighting the commercial function,reflecting the style of the ancient city, displaying the Huxiang culture andinjecting the flavor of the times, the Pedestrian Commercial Street has becomethe representative point of Changsha's economic prosperity, the image point ofurban civilization, historical and cultural heritage and modern civilization inthe commercial development with first-class city appearance, first-classlighting decoration, first-class block culture, first-class service quality andfirst-class management level The whole Pedestrian Commercial Street has become anew landmark of Changsha city image. Huangxing South Road Pedestrian CommercialStreet has become a new concept commercial center and tourist area, and has wonthe reputation of "Sanxiang commercial first street". Huangxing Road is not onlysynonymous with shopping in Changsha, but also famous for its delicious food.Fried stinky tofu: a Changsha style snack. It is fresh, fragrant and spicy. Itis burnt on the outside and tender on the inside. It has a unique flavor of"smelly to smell and fragrant to eat". It is said that it is "black as ink,fragrant as alcohol, tender as crisp and soft as velvet". Sugar oil Baba:Changsha traditional glutinous rice fried food. It is sweet, glutinous and soft,crisp on the outside and tender on the inside. For a long time, it has been anappetizing food for Changsha residents. Flavor shrimp: flavor snack. Popular inChangsha and surrounding areas. It is very popular because of its spicy taste,and it is also an essential food for drinking beer in summer. The food stallsall over the street have their own secrets and different flavors, but they can'tdo without a spicy word. The diners were sweating and full of spicy food.Speaking of eating, here Xiao Wang is introducing another feature of Changsha."Changsha three unique" refers to the chrysanthemum stone carving, Chinese redporcelain and Xiang embroidery. The first Jue chrysanthemum stone carving isbased on the stone cluster at the bottom of Liuyang River in Liuyang City,Changsha. Its pattern was formed more than 200 million years ago. It is a uniquerare stone in the world. Chrysanthemum stone carving began in the reign ofEmperor Qianlong. At that time, people took stones to build dams and found thatthere were chrysanthemums in the stones. So they set up a workshop called"mending the sky stone" to carve inkstone pools with such stones. The inkstoneswere polished to produce ink, which could not be dried for a long time. Theywere deeply loved by people for their "moistening stone, tight color and clearsound". As early as in 1915, at the Panama world expo, chrysanthemum stonecarvings "plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum" were exhibited horizontally.Together with Guizhou Maotai liquor, they won the gold medal, which shocked theworld. Foreigners marveled that "stones can blossom". Since then, chrysanthemumstone has been famous all over the world |
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