标题 | 大昭寺导游词 |
范文 | 大昭寺导游词十篇 大昭寺导游词 篇1首先欢迎大家到拉萨旅游,我是你们拉萨之旅的导游王彬,大家可以叫我小王或小彬,皮肤有点黑,是常年在高原的原因吧,但这可是健康的皮肤哟,坐在我旁边的就是我们的卫士级人物了,扎西德勒师傅了,大家可以简称他是扎德师傅,扎西德勒的意思是——吉祥如意,希望各位远道而来的客人们也能事事顺心,吉祥如意。现在我们的目的地是藏学文化最为浑厚,的神地,也是世界上海拔最高,规模最大的宫殿群——布达拉宫,现在汽车距布达拉宫还有一段车程,大家可以一边观赏车外的高原风光,一边听小王我介绍一下布达拉宫的情况。 “布达拉”是藏语译音,即“普陀罗”。相传,藏传佛教徒认为红山可与观世音的圣普陀罗山媲美,就把它比作第二个普陀罗,布达拉宫由此得名。布达拉宫是一座集宫殿与寺院与一体的古建筑群主楼高13层,高113米,海拔3700米;面积约12万平方米。布达拉宫始建于公元7世纪,是藏王松赞干布为迎娶的唐朝文成公主而建。,修建殿室999间,连同原有建筑红楼共1000间。在藏传佛教中宣传的有“三界”之说。三界即:“欲界”。我们可以看到布宫的整体布局,把红宫、白宫和“雪”由上而下分作三个层次段纵向排列,充分体现了藏传佛教的“三界”之说。好了,我们到了布达拉宫前厅广场了,请大家带好行李,随我下车。布达拉宫整体为石木结构宫殿外墙厚达2~5米,基础直接埋入岩层。墙身全部用花岗岩砌筑,高达数十米,每隔一段距离,中间灌注铁汁,进行加固,提高了墙体抗震能力,坚固稳定。沿着这些阶梯向上,我们就可以到布达拉宫的萨松郎杰了,阶梯比较多又是在高原,所以大家慢点。 先后流浪到青海、甘肃、蒙古、四川、印度、尼泊尔等地,曾当过乞丐,送过尸体,生活极为艰苦。由于接触过广大的劳动人民,有丰富的生活实践,他从而写出著名的诗歌集,这部诗歌现在被网络热传,就是《仓央嘉措情歌》,记得有首舒缓的诗,《见与不见》你见,或者不见我我就在那里不悲不喜观过其美甘丹,我们来这边看看宫殿长廊,布达拉宫内部绘有大量的壁画,构成一座巨大的绘画艺术长廊,先后参加壁画绘制的近有二百人,先后用去十余年时间。壁画的题材有西藏佛教发展的历史,无世达喇嘛生平,文成公主进藏的过程,我们现在对布达拉宫的主体建筑的功能、历史背景及其地位、文化价值都有了大致的了解,相信会给大家留的印象是深刻的。事实上,以布达拉宫价值论,几乎是用金子堆起的宫殿,它的整体布局显示了佛法的神威,鼓励人们回避现实矛盾,一心追求超脱尘世,飞向佛国的境界,布达拉宫的建筑艺术,主要显示了藏族传统的建筑形式和石木结构等风格,同时也吸收了汉族方面的梁架、斗拱、金顶、藻井等特色。 大昭寺导游词 篇2拉萨是中国西藏自治区首府,已有1300多年的历史,是全区政治,经济,文化,宗教的中心。它位于西藏高原中部,海拔3650米,四面环山,地势平坦,气候温和,全年日照时间约3000小时,故有日光城美誉。 在公元七世纪中叶,松赞干布在这里建立了吐蕃王朝。唐朝时,文成公主进藏后建议用白山羊背土填湖建庙。寺庙建成之后为纪念建寺和山羊的功劳,于是就将寺庙命名为惹萨,后来呢又成为了这座城的名字,并演化为拉萨,意为羊土城。 上千年来,这里曾几度成为西藏政教活动中心,于是拉萨成为名副其实的神圣之地。 在一般人的印象中,拉萨是由布达拉宫、八角街、大昭寺、色拉寺、哲蚌寺以及拉萨河构成的,但西藏人认为,严格意义上的拉萨只是指布达拉宫,大昭寺和围绕大昭寺而建立起来的八角街。接下来就让我带领大家游览真正的拉萨把。 我们现在所看到的就是举世闻名的布达拉宫了,是不是感觉很震撼呢。 布达拉是藏语译音,即普陀罗。相传,藏传佛教徒认为红山可与观世音的圣普陀罗山媲美,就把它比作第二普陀罗山。 布达拉宫建于公元七世纪,是藏王松赞干布为远嫁西藏的文成公主建的。修建殿室999间,连同原有建筑红楼共1000间。它是当今世界上海拔最高、规模最大的宫殿式建筑群,海拔3700多米,占地36万平方多平方米。 说了那么多,大家还不知道布达拉宫是由哪几部分组成的呢。 布达拉宫城包括四大部分:红宫、白宫、山后的龙王潭,还有山脚下的雪。 大家看这座建筑,有没有觉得异常的光彩夺目呢,这就是著名的大昭寺了。 大昭寺位于拉萨市中心,距今已有1350年的历史了。是西藏现存最辉煌的吐蕃时期的建筑,始建于公元647年,由松赞干布、唐文成公主和尼泊尔尺尊公主共同兴建,经历多次扩建,才形成了如今占地25100多平方米的宏伟规模。寺里有20多个殿堂,主殿高四层,镏金铜瓦顶,辉煌壮观。具有唐代建筑风格,也吸取了尼泊尔和印度建筑的艺术特色。 关于大昭寺的来历有这样一段传说。 那是1300年前,那时的拉萨还是一片荒原与湖沼。藏王为了供奉尼泊尔尺尊公主带来的8岁释迦牟尼等身像,想在这里建一座寺庙。相传,寺庙是白天建起,夜里就倒塌。寺庙是一直建不起来。后来文成公主来到了这里,因为懂得阴阳八卦,就解释说,整个青藏高原是个仰卧的罗刹女。这个魔女呈人形,头朝东腿朝西仰卧着。大昭寺所在的湖泊正好是罗刹女的心脏,湖水乃其血液。所以文成公主说想建寺必须先填湖,首先把魔女的心脏给镇住。然后她还同时推荐了另外十二个小寺庙在边远地区,镇住魔女的四肢和各个关节,共建了十三座寺院。 值得一提的是,现在大殿正中供奉着的是文成公主从长安带来的释迦牟尼12岁等身镀金铜像。尼泊尔尺尊公主带去的8岁释迦牟尼等身像则在八世纪被转奉在小昭寺里。 藏族人称头戴王冠的释迦牟尼像为“觉卧”。朝圣者都用前额碰一下“觉卧”的膝盖,认为可以为自己、为朋友、甚至为朋友的朋友祈祷。偏远地区来的信徒替同村人给“觉卧”献上捎来的哈达,就像给“觉卧”带口信一样。 大昭寺是藏传佛教的信仰中心,寺庙终日香火缭绕,信徒们虔诚的在叩拜,万盏酥油灯长明,这些都记录着朝圣者永不止息的足迹。 参观完了大昭寺当然的看看我们古老又热闹的八角街了。现在大家是否已经感受到了浓郁的藏族生活气息了呢? 八角街是帕廓街的音误。帕廓的意思是围绕大昭寺的街道。 八角街呈圆形,仿佛是一座巨大的时钟,辉煌壮丽的大昭寺就是钟轴。按西藏佛教徒的说法,以大昭寺为中心绕一周称为“转经”,以示对供奉在大昭寺内的释迦牟尼佛之朝拜。八角街还是藏传佛教信徒转经的最主要的线路,每天都有磕着三步等身长头的人来到这里到大昭寺前朝拜佛祖。这些朝圣者有些甚至是十几岁的孩子。他们往往都是真正从几千里外一步一长头磕到拉萨来朝佛的。不但路途遥远,而且又不能打零工挣钱,为了朝圣,他们在途中必须忍受十分清苦的生活。 八角街是西藏著名的商业中心,是西藏重要的商品集散地。目前,八角街内有120多家手工艺品商店和200多家摊点。在这里可以淘到各式各样的好东西,各类藏饰,尼泊尔首饰,小工艺品,地毯,唐卡等。当然这里也是美食的天堂。藏餐最富特色。全国各地各种口味的蔡也有。 好了我的讲解呢就到这结束了,希望大家在拉萨玩的开心。 大昭寺导游词 篇3大昭寺座落在拉萨市的中心,是西藏佛教徒心目中的金色圣殿,同时也是藏汉团结友好的最有力的印证。售票处的四们喇嘛精通英语、汉语、藏语及日语,且通晓佛法,妙语连珠,是西藏所有景点导游里最出色的。 普布的性格温和内向,是所有人里英语最好的,同时擅长很多藏族传统的手工艺技术。丹增是这四个人里最年轻的,汉语讲得也特别好,而且为人热情,他讲解的大昭寺比任何导游书籍都要全面详尽清楚。由于人手有限,他们通常只能团队做导游,若有机会聆听他们的精妙讲解,千万不要错过。 来自远方的各位朋友,大家好!我用藏语向各位贵宾表示问候:“扎西德勒”!我向各位解释一下,这是吉祥如意的意思。今天我们要参观的是著名的大昭寺,位于拉萨老城区的中心,距今已有1350年的历史。它是西藏现存最辉煌的吐著时期的建筑,始建于公元647年,由松赞干布、唐文成公主和尼泊尔赤尊公主共同兴建,经历代多次扩建,才形成了如今占地25100余平方米的宏伟规模。它有5座金顶,108个佛殿,统摄苯教、宁玛、萨迦、噶举、格鲁等西藏佛教的五大教派和各教派所崇奉的佛、菩萨、本尊、祖师、护法诸神像。 于大昭寺的来历有一段传说故事。那是1300年前,那时的拉萨平原还是一片荒原和湖沼,藏王松赞干布的尼泊尔妃子赤尊,试图在这里建一座神庙,供养她从家乡带来的明久多古神像,即释迦佛祖八岁等身像。她的努力并没有成功:神庙白天建起,夜里倒塌;今天建起,明天倒塌。正当尼妃苦恼和沮丧之时,文成公主经历了千辛万苦从长安来到了这里。赤尊听说文成公主懂得阴阳八卦,善于勘舆地形,便派女仆带上一升金粉的礼物,到文成公主驻地登门求教。文成经过勘舆和测算,测出西藏地形如一巨大魔女仰天而卧,拉萨城中心是魔女的心脏,卧塘湖(牛奶湖)是魔女的心血汇成,在此处填湖建寺可以镇魔。史书记载:“为了使仰天躺在地上的女魔四肢受到控制,人们在她身上钉了12根钉子用以固定。”这12根钉子相传就是现今大昭寺主殿内的12根柱子。要建成供奉释迦牟尼的神庙,还必须调集1000只白山羊。从北郊的果噶拉山驮运土石,把卧塘湖填平,才能完成这样的功德。 松赞干布和尼泊尔公主采纳了文成公主的主张,征集了许多民夫和1000只白色山羊,开始填湖建寺。一时从湖边工地到果噶拉山麓,驮运土石的白山羊络绎不绝。这段路程实在太远,驮的东西太重。不少山羊倒毙路边,还有更多的腰背磨烂,痛苦万状。大昭寺开光的时候,松赞干布和他的两位妃子,感念白山羊的功德和付出的牺牲,吩咐匠人雕出一只白色山羊,安置在大殿一角,让它和大昭寺其他神柢一样,享受信徒香客的朝拜和祭祀。神庙也定名为“热阿曲朗祖拉康”,意为“山羊负土幻化的释迦神庙”。 现在大家请看,在大昭寺的正门入口处前面,竖立着两块石碑,这块就是唐蕃会盟碑,又称“长庆会盟碑”或“甥舅和盟碑”。碑高342厘米,宽82厘米,厚35厘米,用汉藏两种文字刻成的。这是公元823年,吐蕃赞普为纪念长庆元年至二年问的唐蓄会盟所建。碑文记载:“舅甥二主,商议社稷如一,结立大和盟约,永无渝替!神人俱以证知,世世代代,使其称赞。”碑文中强调了唐文成、金城公主出嫁吐蕃赞普,缔结了舅甥姻好之事;追溯唐蕃的历史和功业,并记载了这次会盟的经过、立石年月以及双方参加登坛会盟的官员名单。表达了汉藏历史悠久的亲密关系,是汉藏历史上一件可贵的文物。另一块是“劝人种痘碑”,高3.3米。宽1.2米,碑额刻有二龙戏珠图案,公元1794年由驻藏大臣和琳撰立。乾隆期间,西藏流行天花,致使很多人死亡。驻藏大臣和琳命人在藏北修房安置天花病人,使不少患者生返。致使文字大多损毁,难以辨认。在唐蕃会盟碑的两侧种有著名的“唐柳”,相传是文成公主将皇后在长安灞桥赐的柳枝带来西藏亲手种于大昭寺周围,所以也称“公主柳”。公主柳已有1300多年的历史,尽管它现已枯萎,却依然为人们珍视。据传西藏原无柳树,而现在各地的柳树都是从文成公主所带树苗而发展起来的。 大昭寺坐东向西,太殿高4层,殿顶覆盖着独具一格的金顶。殿门边框上,雕刻着莲花、飞天、禽兽,具有唐代建筑风格。主殿二、三层檐下,有成排的木雕伏兽和狮身人面泥质的半圆雕塑。说来有趣,狮身伏兽的鼻子全是扁的,这里还有一段神奇的传说:大昭寺修建中,松赞干布亲自挥斧上梁,惊动了九天之神纷纷前来助阵。一天,女仆送荼时见梁上梁下全是松赞干布,不禁大惊,连忙禀告赤尊公主。赤尊公主来到工地大喊“赞普”,松赞干布闻声扭头下望,手中斧子不慎斜挥将承檐上面狮身伏兽的鼻梁给削平了。大家看,整个建筑飞檐雕兽,雕刻精美,既保存了藏族传统的建筑形式和特点,叉融合了唐代建筑具有的浑厚古朴的风格。 大昭寺导游词 篇4从大昭寺金顶可以看到大昭寺广场,右边远处山上是布达拉宫,近处的柳树是“公主柳”,相传是文成公主所栽。大昭寺的布局方位与汉地佛教的寺院不同,其主殿是坐东面西的。主殿高四层,两侧列有配殿,布局结构上再现了佛教中曼陀罗坛城的宇宙理想模式。寺院内的佛殿主要有释迦牟尼殿、宗喀巴大师殿、松赞干布殿、班旦拉姆殿(格鲁派的护法神)、神羊热姆杰姆殿、藏王殿等等。寺内拥有各种木雕、壁画。 从大昭寺正门而去是天井式院落是藏传佛教中“格西”(藏传佛教中的高级学位,相当于博士)的产生地。公元1409年,黄教开山鼻祖宗喀巴在大昭寺创立传昭大法会,并将之确立为藏传佛教界最大的法事活动,从此黄教声名鹊起。法会期间各大寺庙的僧人云集此院,观看被寺庙推选出的杰出僧人进行激烈的答辩。院落东侧有数排酥油灯,白天也总是长明不灭。由这里各个家庭的人负责加酥油。 酥油灯后是大昭寺主殿正门,大昭寺最早的建筑都从正门开始;外院是后来修建、扩充的,而主殿是1400多年前的建筑。由于多年信徒的摩擦,门口的石头地板光亮如镜。大殿左右各有一尊巨大的佛像。左侧为红教创始人密宗大师莲花生,他本来是印度的佛学家,公元八世纪进藏,在他入藏以后藏区开始出现密宗。右侧是未来佛。 在西墙与北墙拐角之处矗立了一座白塔,据说这座白塔是在修建大昭寺之前,从卧塘湖中所显现出来的。南侧第一间小殿,端坐着八大“东方净琉璃世界的教主”一药师佛。紧挨小殿,是手置耳侧,白教创始人之一一米拉日巴的塑像。小殿内置三世佛。转过来第二间殿是观世音殿。当地人供养佛的方式很虔诚,在殿内经常能遇到当地一些家庭给观世音菩萨脸上涂金粉。此殿右侧有松赞干布及尺尊、文成公主塑像。 在藏民族的心目中,松赞干布和文成公主是菩萨变成了国王和王后来教化藏族人的。两位公主体貌端庄,其中前面发髻高挽、典型的大唐女子就是文成公主。在南墙与东墙拐弯之处,有宗喀巴及其他教派的诸位宗师。东墙第一间佛殿是无量光佛。 转过殿角是一副壁画,内容是七世纪松赞干布和公主组织的一个庆典活动,是为了大昭寺竣工的开光典礼,实际上是一个七世纪传统运动会的情景。包括摔跤、牦牛舞、面具舞、射箭等等。壁画左侧的山就是药王山,上有电视塔。画上面的是原来的藏医学院,上面的白塔就是布达拉宫前面的广场侧的佛塔,原来是拉萨城的西大门。壁画右侧便是最早只有两栋主要建筑的布达拉宫,也就是松赞干布建的王宫。 绕大殿一周共有380个转经筒,一个紧挨一个。边走边推动转经筒是很多虔诚的信徒必做的功课。 由正门进大昭寺后沿顺时针方向进入一宽阔的露天庭院,这里曾是规模盛大的拉萨祈愿大法会“默朗钦莫”的场所。届时拉萨三大寺的数万僧人云集于此,齐为众生幸福与社会安定而祈祷,同时还举行辩经、驱鬼、迎诸弥勒佛等活动。“默朗钦莫”始于公元1409年,最宗喀巴大师为纪念释迦牟尼以神变之法大败六种外道的功德,召集各寺院、各教派僧众,于藏历正月期间在大昭寺内举行祝福祝愿的法会而建成的。庭院四周的柱廊廊壁与转经回廊廊壁上的壁画,因满绘千佛佛像而被称为千佛廊。整座大昭寺的壁画有4400余平方米。 从庭院出来,到侧门的售票处,有楼梯可以直通二楼和三楼的平台。二楼只在早上开放。松赞干布的法王殿也在二楼的西南角。里面供有藏王松赞干布、文成公主,尼泊尔尺尊公主、大臣禄东赞等塑像,也是早期的作品。二三楼之间有班丹拉姆护法神殿,这是大昭寺和整个拉萨城的护法女神。二楼天井的东北角有一个梯子,通向三楼的小门,是上金顶的入口。大殿的三楼平时不对外开放,僧人们在这里打坐修行。顶层四座巨大的金顶分别建于14世纪中叶和17世纪。 继续右绕,穿过两边的夜叉殿和龙王殿,数百盏点燃的酥油供灯的后面便是著名的“觉康”佛殿。它既是大昭寺的主体,也是大昭寺的精佛之所在。佛堂呈密闭院落式,楼高四层,中央为大经堂。藏传达室佛教信徒认为拉萨是世界的中心,而宇宙的核心便在于此处。这里是大昭寺僧人诵经修法的场所。从大经堂正可遥遥看见造型精美的千手千眼观世音塑像,两侧有两尊佛像,左为莲花生,右为强巴佛塑像。大经堂的四周俱为小型佛堂,除位于正中心的释迦牟尼佛堂外,开间均不大但布置简洁。释迦牟尼佛堂是大昭寺的核心,这里是朝圣者最终的向往。此殿供奉的释迦像是文成公主所带的佛像。 沿千佛廊绕“觉康”佛殿转一圈“囊廓”方为圆满。拉萨主要的转经活动都是以大昭寺的释迦牟尼佛为中心而进行的,除“内圈”外围绕大昭寺则为“中圈”即“八廓”,也就是古老而热闹的商业街——八角街;围绕大昭寺、药王山、布达拉宫、小昭寺为“外圈”,即“林廓”,已绕拉萨城大半。 在拉萨,藏族人也喜欢将以大昭寺为主的八角街一带称为“拉萨”,藏文意思是佛地,你还可以看到朝拜者在大昭寺门口磕长头,场面感人,可见大昭寺在拉萨人的心目中的地位之高,还有更多的人每天围绕着大昭寺转经,很多僧人也在大昭寺附近摆开架势,向过路的人唱经化缘。 大昭寺导游词 篇5国家3A级旅游景区、国家重点文物保护单位。位于呼和浩特市玉泉区大召前街著名的玉泉井旁。大召始建于明朝万历六年(1578年),完工于明朝万历八年(1580年),是呼和浩特建造的第一座喇嘛宗教召庙。 大召占地面积约3万平方米,寺院座北向南,沿中轴线建有牌楼、山门、天王殿、菩提过殿、大雄宝殿、藏经楼、东西配殿、九间楼、厢房等建筑。附属建筑有乃琼庙、家庙等。大召的珍藏品极为丰富,银佛、龙雕、壁画被称为大召“三绝”。银佛即供奉在佛殿内的释迦牟尼像,距今已有400余年历史,是中国现存最大的银佛之一。此外,大召的各种彩塑、金铜造像、巨幅唐卡、108部甘珠尔经卷,以及宗教活动使用的各种法器、面具等,也都是极为珍贵的历史文物和艺术珍品。大召不仅是一处佛教圣地,而且还是一处闻名中外的旅游胜地。构成了大召独特的“召庙文化”景观。大召位于内蒙古呼和浩特市旧城内,蒙古语名“伊克召”,意思为“大庙”,始建于明代,是呼市内最大的黄教寺庙,也是蒙古少有的不设活佛的寺庙。因康熙皇帝曾在此住过几日,为了表示对皇帝的尊敬,僧侣们取消了活佛的转世规定。 1580年建成,是呼和浩特最早兴建的喇嘛宗教寺院。由于召中供奉银制释迦牟尼像,所以当时也称银佛寺。呼和浩特的召庙数不胜数。其中著名的有大召、小召、席力图召、五塔寺召、乌素图召、巧尔其召等。大召有三绝:银佛、龙雕、壁画。 大召寺院建筑考究,大殿是常见的藏汉式喇嘛庙形制,其余部分则是依照传统中式庙宇的式样而建,大殿内供奉有一座银铸佛像,所以又有“银佛寺”之称。大召内还收藏有众多的文物,是研究蒙古族历史的珍贵资料。 大昭寺导游词 篇6南国艳阳似火的8月,我来到凉爽的内蒙古自治区的呼和浩特。艳阳高照的早上我们乘长途车经3小时进入呼市,当走下旅游车,你会看到一个宽阔很气势的广场,踏着广场平坦而整齐的石砖,心中不知不觉地充满虔诚、充满神秘。 你听说过“康熙私访月明楼”的传奇故事。在广场正西巍峨的古建筑“月明楼”映入眼帘。当年,沙俄入侵,康熙率军亲征抗敌,曾驻军在呼和浩特城,听说城中大昭寺对面的月明楼是个好去处,于是微服私访月明楼。 月明楼果然十分热闹。康熙点了酒菜,边独酌边看戏,此时,御外侮凯旋而归,战争的重负烟消云散,内心自然有一种说不出的轻松和自在。酒足饭饱后,康熙饮着茶,周围猜谜吆喝、干酒碰杯等的吵杂声,并没有干扰他品戏。对于唱戏,俗话说得好,会看的看门道,不会看的看热闹。 康熙喝够了茶,过足了戏瘾,不知不觉已到“长河落日圆”时分,想赶回军营,找店伙计结账,才发现只身骑马匆匆外出忘了带银子。康熙心中一颤,虽然天下莫非王土,但是困窘之相溢于言表。 话说这月明楼的老板安三泰,不仅是个狡猾地头蛇,而且是个欺男霸女的恶棍,当地人常受他欺负,更别说外乡人了。无钱结账白吃的事传到安三泰耳中,他马上赶到,你看画中的他挽起袖子,破口大骂,喊打喊杀,正要大打出手。 此时,看戏的、喝酒的、猜谜的纷纷围过来看热闹。康熙只好解释,因匆忙出行,身中忘记了带银两,请求老板安三泰先记赊账,来日定当加倍奉还。安三泰哪里肯依,发出狠话:“想白吃白喝没门,要是不能拿出银两,今天就别想下这个楼。” 正当康熙觉得很无助,惭愧得无地自容之际,店伙计刘三挺身而出,对老板安三泰说,愿意代康熙付酒饭钱。安三泰责备刘三多管闲事,正要严辞拒绝,一边桌上坐着的账房先生却向安三泰眨眼暗示:客人身上没带银,捞不到油水,就让刘三当替死鬼吧!安三泰会意,同意刘三的请求,叫账房先生算账。 狡猾的账房先生故惺惺作态拨了拨算盘上的珠子,对一旁焦急等待的刘三说:“一共是八两三钱,正好是你一年的工资。”老实忠厚、助人为乐的刘三只好自认倒霉,无可奈何地点头默认。 康熙感激刘三帮他解围,与刘三结为异姓兄弟,回军营后,即刻传旨:一、查抄月明楼,严惩安三泰;二、封月明楼伙计刘三为三品大员。听到恶霸安三泰受到应有的惩罚,当地百姓无不拍手称快,同时对店伙计刘三的奇遇倾羡不已。 刘三见了康熙皇帝磕头谢恩,诚惶诚恐地启奏:“臣刘三斗大的字不识几个,怎能当好官,而且是个三品大官呢?恳请皇上准臣告老还乡。”康熙感慨之余,准了刘三所奏,并下旨让刘三享受三品官员奉禄,子子孙孙世袭之。 看着画,听着导游的解说,笔者坚信:善恶终有报,奉劝世人多行善、莫作恶。 在“月明楼”旁边便是著名的塞外老街。这里的旅游物品玲琅满目,应有尽有,大部分是当地的特色产品,藏传佛像,蒙族饰品,蒙古特色食品,皮制品等等,让人眼花缭乱。到呼市游览塞外老街也是不可或缺的选择。在这里你可以充分感受蒙族同胞们的衣食住行,了解民俗民风。 “呼和浩特”系蒙古语,意为青色的城市,故呼和浩特有“青城”之称。城中有座著名的大昭寺,位于广场的正北。建于公元1580年,是呼和浩特最早兴建的喇嘛宗教寺院,因供奉银制释迦牟尼像,所以当时也称银佛寺。大昭寺有三绝:银佛、龙雕、壁画。 迈进大昭寺大门,首先看到的是分列两边的四大天王。导游提问:“谁知道四大天王为什么都抬着一只右脚?”接着她说:故事应该从明朝开国皇帝朱元章说起。朱元章小时在寺院出家当和尚。据说有一天,朱元章在扫地时,扫到四大天王尊前,恰好四大天王的脚挡住他的扫帚,朱元章自言自语说:“要是你们能把脚抬高一下,我就能扫得干净些。”因朱元章是真龙天子,四大天王不敢不从命,于是抬起了挡住扫帚的右脚,此时,寺里刚好响起悠扬钟声,朱元章忙放下扫帚吃饭去了。四大天王不敢放下脚,时间久了就成了现在这样了。 传说归传说,我们听着导游绘声绘色的解说,人已进了第二门,来到一个开阔的象四合院的地方,中间放着一个旧鼎,鼎里装满水,听说这是以前以备防火之用的。 绕过大鼎,你会看到左则走廊的墙壁有一幅画。那是“六道轮回图”,图最中心处有三种动物:鸡、猪和蛇。导游说:鸡代表贪婪、小气;猪代表愚蠢、懒惰;蛇代表狡诈、恶毒。只要是人就离不开这三种本性;超脱了这三种本性,就成道成仙了。有人存在这种思想,但思想修养境界较高,能够驾驭它,不让它表现出来;有人就没有这种道行,而受这种思想的主宰。例如在世不孝敬父母,甚至忤逆父母,亡后投胎就可能成为禽兽;在生作恶,且恶行累累,死后将被打进十八层地狱……整幅图画的宗旨是弘扬“善有善报,恶有恶报”的因果报应论,达到告诫人“莫为善小而不为,莫为恶小而为之”,规劝人及时积善、行善,去恶、从善。 还未进入第三殿,耳边就已梵音环绕,钟声、鼓声不绝于耳。我们快速来到第三殿,只见寺内的师傅正在为叩拜者祈福。梵音缭绕使内心顿时平和安详。殿内左侧有一幅彩色壁画。画中人物形象异常逼真,简直令人赞叹。而画中场面热闹非凡:唱戏的、看戏的、喝茶的、饮酒的、猜谜的……可以看出这是清朝时期的一个娱乐场所。在导游的指引下,我们注目细看,画中每个人物的穿着打扮,神情姿势,栩栩如生。 全身是金的千手观音,金光闪闪,灿烂夺目,结构匀称,巧夺天工,令人叹为观止,给人留下难忘的印象。 大昭寺也在不断的翻新和扩建,在大昭寺原有的建筑东侧又扩建了弥勒殿、观音殿,以及白象、青牛、麒麟等铜像建筑群,扩建的建筑也同大昭寺的建筑群相得益彰,浑然一体,使整个大昭寺更显辉煌的气势。很多游客在大昭寺的焚香叩拜,在扩建的建筑群留影驻足。 大昭寺导游词 篇7Dear friends, you have to go to Sakya temple in Shigatse. The art treasuresin the temple are vast and the cultural relics are of high value. Therefore, itis also known as "the second Dunhuang". Look at the saga basin between the Gangdise mountains and the Himalayas.The purple "Castle" standing in the middle of the valley is the famous sagatemple. It was the political, economic, cultural and religious center of Tibet700 years ago. There is a folk song that says: A bird's-eye view of Benbo mountain, Sakya is like crystal; Dame in a crystal bottle Beauty is better than fairies Don't despise Sakya, Buddha Pavilion adds glory to it In fact, Sakya's Tibetan language means "gray land", that is, the color ofthe local soil. Sakya temple is divided into South Temple and North Temple. TheSouth Temple is built on the flat valley, and the North Temple is built on thenorth slope. Sakya North Temple was founded by gongjuejiebu in 1073, from whichthe famous Sakya sect was formed. Let me briefly introduce the Sakya sect. Thename of the Sakya sect is Sakya Monastery, its main temple. The walls of Sakya'stemples are painted with red, white and black ribbons. Red symbolizes Manjusri,white symbolizes Guanyin, black is Vajra holding Bodhisattva, and three colorsturn into flowers. Therefore, Sakya sect is called "flower religion". Among theteachings of the Sakya school, the most unique and important one is "Dao GuoFa". Its teaching method has three procedures: first, to give up the blessing."Not good" is bad. A person always encourages himself to do good and do good,not to do bad, and is expected to incarnate in the "three good interests" ofheaven, Asura and man in the afterlife. 2、 Cut me off. That is to understand theimpermanence of life, everything in the world is made up of karma, which is nota real truth, so as to see through everything in the world, cut off any desire,and relieve pain. 3、 There is no success in all methods. That is to preventarbitrary views in practice, and achieve the realm of understanding the universewith extraordinary insights. There are many differences between the Sakya sectand other sects, one of which is to allow believers to marry and have children,and the political power of the sect is passed on from father to son, while thereligious power is passed on from uncle to nephew. There are five important ancestors of the Sakya school. His fourthancestor, Saban gonggajianzan, played an important role in bringing Tibet intothe territory of China in the 13th century. In addition, I would like to introduce the history of Sakya temple and thefamous basiba. After the collapse of the Tubo Dynasty, Tibet fell into 400 yearsof separatist rule and war turbulence. In the early 13th century, Genghis Khanled Mongolian tribes to rise in the north and gradually unified China. Kuo Duan,the grandson of Genghis Khan, once sent General dodanab to lead Mongolianknights to Tibet. Kuo Duan realized that if he wanted to unify Tibet, he mustmake use of the local religious forces. He learned that the Sakya faction, whichrose in the Sakya area of post Tibet at that time, was increasingly powerful,and that the leader of Sakya temple, Gongga jianzan (also known as SakyaBanzhida), had the greatest influence among all the sects in Tibet, so heinvited Gongga jianzan to Liangzhou (now Wuwei, Gansu Province) to meet withhim. In 1247 ad, Saban and his nephew, basiba, arrived in Liangzhou. On behalfof the local forces in Tibet, they reached the conditions for Tibet to submit tothe Yuan Dynasty with the Mongolian royal family. At this point, Tibetofficially joined the family of the motherland and became a first-classAdministrative Region under the direct jurisdiction of the central government ofthe Yuan Dynasty. As a result, the Sakya faction gained the trust of the YuanDynasty and the leading position in Tibet. After the death of gonggajianzan, Kublai Khan summoned basiba in 1253 ADand worshipped him as the emperor's teacher. In 1260, Kublai Khan declaredhimself Emperor, granted basiba the title of "guanding National Teacher",granted jade seal, and also appointed him to take charge of the affairs of theGeneral Academy established by the central government, which was in charge ofNational Buddhist affairs and Tibetan local administrative affairs, making him asenior official of the central government of the Yuan Dynasty. In 1265, basibawas ordered to return to Tibet, expanded the northern Sakya temple, establishedthe "Benqin" to manage the local regime, and established the Sakya Dynasty, thelocal regime in Tibet. Tibet was officially under the jurisdiction of thecentral government of the Yuan Dynasty. In 1269 A.D., basiba created Mongoliancharacters, for which he was granted the title of "great magic king" by KublaiKhan. Today, the North Temple has disappeared. At a glance, the vast ruins in thenorth are still as magnificent as they used to be. Now we are visiting the South Temple, where the Sakya temple is nowlocated. It was built in 1268 by the fifth generation patriarch of the Sakyasect, basiba. You can see that the appearance of sakyanan temple is veryspecial. There are two rings of walls. There are crenels on the walls,watchtowers at the four corners, and a moat outside. The gate is in the shape of"Gong". The whole plan is in the shape of big "Hui" with small "Hui", which hasa little taste of war defense. In addition to purplish red, the walls are alsoblack and white, which is an important symbol of the Sakya sect. Now the main hall we enter is called "lacanthim", which means the greattemple, with a height of 100 meters and an area of 5500 square meters. There are40 pillars in the hall, four of which are the thickest. It takes three people toembrace them. The thickest one is 1.5 meters in diameter. Each pillar has alegendary story: the first pillar is the pillar of Kublai Khan emperor, named"Ghana seqingawa", which means the pillar sent by Yuan Dynasty. It is said thatat the beginning, basiba served in most of the Yuan Dynasty. When the emperor ofthe Yuan Dynasty knew that he wanted to go back to Sakya to build a temple, hechose a pillar with a diameter of 4 feet and gave it to him. The pillar wasgood, but it was too big to be transported to Tibet. BASBA returned to Sakyawith regret. But when he returned to Sakya, the big pillar was floating on theZhongqu River in the north of the temple. The second pillar is the wild oxpillar, which is called "Chong Bu GA WA" (meaning "pillar transported by wildyak"), the third pillar is the tiger pillar, which is called "Da Bu GA WA"(meaning "pillar transported by male tiger"); The fourth pillar is the blooddrop pillar, which is called "nabuchazagawa" (meaning the pillar sent by the seagod). According to legend, when the Dragon King sent it, he was injured and bledon the pillar, and now we can see the red blood stains on the pillar. Accordingto the research, they come from the Chentang Valley in the south of Sakya countyand belong to the Himalayan nature reserve. Please see, there are three Buddha statues of Sakyamuni and a white conchin the hall. In the middle of the hall, this Sakyamuni Buddha named "zhamulinYexia" was cast in memory of sakhaban Zhida gonggajianzan and contains the relicof basiba. The one on the left was built in memory of King baspahat. The one onthe south side of the hall was cast in memory of Sakyamuni Sambu. This whiteconch was given to the emperor of China by the king of India. Kublai Khan, theemperor of the Yuan Dynasty, gave it to basiba. Out of the gate of the main hall, on the south side of the courtyard ispuzhulacan, which is the Sutra Hall of Sakya sect. The Manjusri Bodhisattva inthe temple is excavated from the underground of the North Temple. It is the mainBuddha in the North Temple. It is said that as long as you recite Manjusri'seulogy and mantra for seven days in front of the statue, even the stupid peoplecan enhance their wisdom and make Mao's life open. This is one of the fourtreasures of Sakya temple, which is revered by the faithful men and women. Onthe north side of the courtyard is oudonglacan, which contains 11 pagodas forangqiang gonggarenqin, king of sagafa in the 16th century, and his descendants.Angqiang defeated "Lhasa zongba", saved the Sakya sect and restored the Nanbeitemple. He is a famous King of the Sakya sect. The temple has a special halldedicated to this historical figure. Through this hall is the "lakangjiang", inwhich there are six mud pagodas of Sakya monk Dade. In the pagoda Hall of PengCuO Po Zhang in Nansi Sutra hall, there are pagodas or commemorative Buddhastatues of nine people in four generations from Gongga Renqin, the founder ofPeng CuO Po Zhang, to Wangqiu in angwang tudao; in the pagoda Hall of Zhuoma PoZhang, there are six pagodas of Wangqiu and his descendants in Baima dundui. At the back of the hall is the library of Tibetan scriptures, whichcontains more than ten thousand classics. It is a treasure of gold, silver,cinnabar and ink by calligraphers in Wei, Zang, Kang and other areas during thebasiba period. There is also a "Fangjing", also known as "jialongma" or"budjialong" Scripture. The book is 1.34 meters long, 1.09 meters wide and 67 cmthick. The wooden cover of Carving Dragons and phoenixes was originally 41 cmlong, which was carried by four lamas. It is said that this book was completedby basiba. It was written in gold powder juice and is a treasure handed downfrom generation to generation. On the right side of the hall, there is a 1.5-foot-high jade bell and asquare jade plate, which are called the two treasures of the temple. The jadebell is used to cover the ever burning lamp in front of the Buddha. The jadeplate is engraved with a Chinese poem, which is inscribed as "awakening stone".Around them are the artifacts such as the magic weapons bestowed by Chinesedynasties and the vests, armor and boots bestowed by the emperors of YuanDynasty. Murals are concentrated in the main hall. On the east wall, there areimages of Sakya's ancestors and eminent monks and some Buddhist allusions. Onthe west wall, there are more than 600 years old murals of mandala and more than60 paintings of xijingang (huanxifo). There are hundreds of scroll paintings inthe main hall, which are art treasures of Tibet. There are many classics in Sakya temple, of which more than 2800 arehandwritten in Yuan and Ming Dynasties. The Baya Sutra originated in ancientIndia and has a history of more than 1000 years is rare in the world. However,there are 3636 Baya sutras preserved in Sakya temple, which are written inTibetan, Han and Mongolian characters. Only Sakya Temple preserved the most ofthe Tripitaka copied with gold powder and cinnabar. In addition, there wereletters and seals from the emperor of Yuan Dynasty to the local officials ofSakya. Basiba was granted the title of Queen of Sakya, and the Sakya sect reachedits peak. There are more than 40 temples in Sakya temple, which are all over thebanks of Zhongqu river. However, in the 16th century, it was a pity that a firealmost completely flattened the South Temple. It was not until 1948 that theoriginal appearance of the temple was restored after years of continuousrenovation. Now the Beisi site has been rebuilt, but most of the ground is stillcovered with broken bricks and gravel. Near the foot of the mountain, there is anewly restored white pagoda. It is said that there is a relic of a generation ofSakya's ancestors in the pagoda. Now I would like to briefly introduce the autumn and winter Dharma meetingsof Sakya Monastery. July of the Tibetan calendar is the autumn Dafa meeting.Lama dancers perform the ancient Vajrayana dance, which is very powerful. At theopening ceremony, 150 actors wearing various animal masks rotate and jump. FromNovember 23 to 29 of the Tibetan calendar, it is called the winter Dafa meeting,and its main content is still the divine dance performance. The Three Dharmaprotectors in Sakya temple are all played by monks. They carry the skeleton ofDharma protector on their shoulders and wear giant ferocious masks as long asone meter. They are as high as one story. This is the most attractive part ofSakya dance. Hundreds of armed warriors in armor and spears performed skillssuch as sword dancing, archery and firearm shooting to commemorate the glory ofthe sect's rule over Tibet 700 years ago. This is the end of the visit to Sakya temple. I believe you will have abrief and general understanding of Sakya temple. 大昭寺导游词 篇8各位朋友大家好,我是你们此行的导游小李。欢迎来到美丽的日光之城拉萨。 拉萨是中国西藏自治区首府,已有1300多年的历史,是全区政治,经济,文化,宗教的中心。它位于西藏高原中部,海拔3650米,四面环山,地势平坦,气候温和,全年日照时间约3000小时,故有日光城美誉。 在公元七世纪中叶,松赞干布在这里建立了吐蕃王朝。唐朝时,文成公主进藏后建议用白山羊背土填湖建庙。寺庙建成之后为纪念建寺和山羊的功劳,于是就将寺庙命名为惹萨,后来呢又成为了这座城的名字,并演化为拉萨,意为羊土城。 上千年来,这里曾几度成为西藏政教活动中心,于是拉萨成为名副其实的神圣之地。在一般人的印象中,拉萨是由布达拉宫、八角街、大昭寺、色拉寺、哲蚌寺以及拉萨河构成的,但西藏人认为,严格意义上的拉萨只是指布达拉宫,大昭寺和围绕大昭寺而建立起来的八角街。接下来就让我带领大家游览真正的拉萨把。 我们现在所看到的就是举世闻名的布达拉宫了,是不是感觉很震撼呢。 布达拉是藏语译音,即普陀罗。相传,藏传佛教徒认为红山可与观世音的圣普陀罗山媲美,就把它比作第二普陀罗山。 布达拉宫建于公元七世纪,是藏王松赞干布为远嫁西藏的文成公主建的。修建殿室999间,连同原有建筑红楼共1000间。它是当今世界上海拔最高、规模最大的宫殿式建筑群,海拔3700多米,占地36万平方多平方米。 说了那么多,大家还不知道布达拉宫是由哪几部分组成的呢。布达拉宫城包括四大部分:红宫、白宫、山后的龙王潭,还有山脚下的雪。 红宫为历世喇嘛灵塔殿和各类佛堂,位于整个建筑的中心和顶点。白宫合抱红宫,有历世喇嘛的宫殿、大经堂、西藏原地方政府噶厦和僧官学校等。龙王潭为布达拉宫后园,园林中心有一面积较大的潭水,潭中有小岛,岛上建有龙王宫和大象房等。雪在布达拉宫脚下,安置有西藏原地方政府噶厦的监狱,印经所、作坊及马厩。 布达拉宫始建初期规模并不如现在这样宏大的,是经日后的不断扩建,规模才逐渐扩大。几世喇嘛先后都参与了宫殿的扩建与设计,前前后后耗资可谓巨大。直到1936年十三世喇嘛的灵塔殿建成后,才形成布达拉宫现在的规模。至此,它就像一个神秘的符号,吸引无数人义无反顾地投奔西藏而来。有幸进入到布达拉宫的人都是非常幸运的。 大家看这座建筑,有没有觉得异常的光彩夺目呢,这就是著名的大昭寺了。大昭寺位于拉萨市中心,距今已有1350年的历史了。是西藏现存最辉煌的吐蕃时期的建筑,始建于公元647年,由松赞干布、唐文成公主和尼泊尔尺尊公主共同兴建,经历多次扩建,才形成了如今占地25100多平方米的宏伟规模。寺里有20多个殿堂,主殿高四层,镏金铜瓦顶,辉煌壮观。具有唐代建筑风格,也吸取了尼泊尔和印度建筑的艺术特色。 关于大昭寺的来历有这样一段传说。那是1320__年前,那时的拉萨还是一片荒原与湖沼。藏王为了供奉尼泊尔尺尊公主带来的8岁释迦牟尼等身像,想在这里建一座寺庙。相传,寺庙是白天建起,夜里就倒塌。寺庙是一直建不起来。后来文成公主来到了这里,因为懂得阴阳八卦,就解释说,整个青藏高原是个仰卧的罗刹女。这个魔女呈人形,头朝东腿朝西仰卧着。大昭寺所在的湖泊正好是罗刹女的心脏,湖水乃其血液。所以文成公主说想建寺必须先填湖,首先把魔女的心脏给镇住。然后她还同时推荐了另外十二个小寺庙在边远地区,镇住魔女的四肢和各个关节,共建了十三座寺院。 值得一提的是,现在大殿正中供奉着的是文成公主从长安带来的释迦牟尼12岁等身镀金铜像。尼泊尔尺尊公主带去的8岁释迦牟尼等身像则在八世纪被转奉在小昭寺里。 藏族人称头戴王冠的释迦牟尼像为“觉卧”。朝圣者都用前额碰一下“觉卧”的膝盖,认为可以为自己、为朋友、甚至为朋友的朋友祈祷。偏远地区来的信徒替同村人给“觉卧”献上捎来的哈达,就像给“觉卧”带口信一样。 大昭寺是藏传佛教的信仰中心,寺庙终日香火缭绕,信徒们虔诚的在叩拜,万盏酥油灯长明,这些都记录着朝圣者永不止息的足迹。 参观完了大昭寺当然的看看我们古老又热闹的八角街了。现在大家是否已经感受到了浓郁的藏族生活气息了呢? 八角街是帕廓街的音误。帕廓的意思是围绕大昭寺的街道。八角街呈圆形,仿佛是一座巨大的时钟,辉煌壮丽的大昭寺就是钟轴。按西藏佛教徒的说法,以大昭寺为中心绕一周称为“转经”,以示对供奉在大昭寺内的释迦牟尼佛之朝拜。八角街还是藏传佛教信徒转经的最主要的线路,每天都有磕着三步等身长头的人来到这里到大昭寺前朝拜佛祖。这些朝圣者有些甚至是十几岁的孩子。他们往往都是真正从几千里外一步一长头磕到拉萨来朝佛的。不但路途遥远,而且又不能打零工挣钱,为了朝圣,他们在途中必须忍受十分清苦的生活。 八角街是西藏著名的商业中心,是西藏重要的商品集散地。目前,八角街内有120多家手工艺品商店和200多家摊点。在这里可以淘到各式各样的好东西,各类藏饰,尼泊尔首饰,小工艺品,地毯,唐卡等。当然这里也是美食的天堂。藏餐最富特色。全国各地各种口味的蔡也有。 好了我的讲解呢就到这结束了,希望大家在拉萨玩的开心。 大昭寺导游词 篇9女士们、先生们: 首先欢迎大家到拉萨旅游,我是你们拉萨之旅的导游王彬,大家可以叫我小王或小彬,皮肤有点黑,是常年在高原的原因吧,但这可是健康的皮肤哟,坐在我旁边的就是我们的卫士级人物了,扎 西 德 勒师傅了,大家可以简称他是扎德师傅,扎西德勒的意思是- - 吉 祥 如 意,希望各位远道而来的客人们也能事事顺心,吉祥如意。现在我们的目的地是藏学文化最为浑厚,的神地,也是世界上海拔最高,规模最大的宫殿群----布达拉宫,现在汽车距布达拉宫还有一段车程,大家可以一边观赏车外的高原风光,一边听小王我介绍一下布达拉宫的情况。 “布达拉”是藏语译音,即“普陀罗”。相传,藏传佛教徒认为红山可与观世音的圣普陀罗山媲美,就把它比作第二个普陀罗,布达拉宫由此得名。布达拉宫是一座集宫殿与寺院与一体的古建筑群主楼高13层,高113米,海拔3700米;面积约12万平方米。布达拉宫始建于公元7世纪,是藏王松赞干布为迎娶的唐朝文成公主而建。,修建殿室999间,连同原有建筑红楼共1000间。1645(藏历木虎年)五世喇嘛完成西藏地区统一,为宣布重建布达拉宫,以后布达拉宫又多次增修与改建,始具今日规模。布达拉宫城包括四大部分:红宫、白宫、山后的龙王潭和山脚下的“雪”。在藏传佛教中宣传的有“三界”之说。我们可以看到布宫的整体布局,把红宫、白宫和“雪”由上而下分作三个层次段纵向排列,充分体现了藏传佛教的“三界”之说。好了,我们到了布达拉宫前厅广场了,请大家带好行李,随我下车。布达拉宫整体为石木结构宫殿外墙厚达2~5米,基础直接埋入岩层。墙身全部用花岗岩砌筑,高达数十米,每隔一段距离,中间灌注铁汁,进行加固,提高了墙体抗震能力,坚固稳定。沿着这些阶梯向上,我们就可以到布达拉宫的萨松郎杰了,阶梯比较多又是在高原,所以大家慢点。 我们现在已上到布达拉宫最高的殿堂,这里被称为萨松朗杰(意为胜界),宫殿内供的是乾隆皇帝的画像,画像前供有皇帝“万岁”的牌位,牌位用汉、藏、满、蒙4种文字书写。向西来我们就到了其美甘丹殿堂,此殿建于1690年,是六世____仓央嘉措的经堂。六世____是西藏历史上的著名人物,25岁时,成为上层统治阶级争权牺牲品的仓央嘉措,开始了自己的流浪生活。 先后流浪到青海、甘肃、蒙古、四川、印度、尼泊尔等地,曾当过乞丐,送过尸体,生活极为艰苦。由于接触过广大的劳动人民,有丰富的生活实践,他从而写出著名的诗歌集,这部诗歌现在被网络热传,就是《仓央嘉措情歌》,记得有首舒缓的诗,《见与不见》你见,或者不见我 我就在那里 不悲不喜观过其美甘丹,我们来这边看看宫殿长廊,布达拉宫内部绘有大量的壁画,构成一座巨大的绘画艺术长廊,先后参加壁画绘制的近有二百人,先后用去十余年时间。壁画的题材有西藏佛教发展的历史,无世达喇嘛生平,文成公主进藏的过程,我们现在对布达拉宫的主体建筑的功能、历史背景及其地位、文化价值都有了大致的了解,相信会给大家留的印象是深刻的。事实上,以布达拉宫价值论,几乎是用金子堆起的宫殿,它的整体布局显示了佛法的神威,鼓励人们回避现实矛盾,一心追求超脱尘世,飞向佛国的境界,布达拉宫的建筑艺术,主要显示了藏族传统的建筑形式和石木结构等风格,同时也吸收了汉族方面的梁架、斗拱、金顶、藻井等特色。 它不仅是藏族劳动人民智慧的结晶,也是藏汉人民团结协作的佐证。为了更好的保护布达拉宫这一民族文化遗产,1961年国务院把它列为全国重点文物保护单位,每年拨款维修,特别是1989年,国家对布达拉宫进行历史性的维修,历时5年,先后投资5300万元,派出10多个省、区的150多位专家技术人员直接参加维修工程,维修部位100余处,维修规模是布达拉宫重建后(320__年来)最大的一次。工程本着整旧如旧的原则,对这一民族遗产进行及时有效抢救,使古老的布达拉宫更具魅力。 大昭寺导游词 篇10Ladies and gentlemen First of all, welcome to Lhasa. I'm Wang Bin, the tour guide of Lhasa. Youcan call me Xiao Wang or Xiao bin. My skin is a little dark, which is the reasonwhy I'm on the plateau all the year round. But it's healthy skin. Sitting nextto me is our guard, master zaxidler. You can call him master zaxidler for short.Zaxidler means -- Good luck and good luck. I hope all the guests who come fromafar will have good luck. Now our destination is Potala Palace, the highest andlargest palace group in the world with the most profound Tibetan culture. Nowthe car is still a short drive away from Potala Palace. You can enjoy theplateau scenery outside the car while listening to Xiao Wang's introduction toPotala Palace. "Potala" is a Tibetan translation, namely "Putuo". According to legend,Tibetan Buddhists believe that Hongshan is comparable to Guanyin's Mount St.Putuo, so they compare it to the second Putuo, hence the name of Potala Palace.Potala Palace is an ancient building group integrating palaces and temples. Themain building is 13 stories high, 113 meters high, 3700 meters above sea level,and covers an area of 120000 square meters. Potala Palace was built in the 7thcentury in order to marry Princess Wencheng of Tang Dynasty. 999 rooms werebuilt and 1000 red mansions were built. 1645 (the year of Muji in Tibetancalendar) V completed the unification of Tibet. In order to announce thereconstruction of the Potala Palace, the Potala Palace has been renovated andrebuilt many times since then, and it has begun to take on today's scale. ThePotala Palace City consists of four parts: the Red Palace, the White House, theDragon King pool behind the mountain and the "Snow" at the foot of the mountain.In Tibetan Buddhism, there is the theory of "three realms". The three realms are"desire", "desire" and "nothingness". We can see the overall layout of thebugong, which divides the Red Palace, the White House and "Snow" into threelevels from top to bottom, and arranges them vertically, which fully embodiesthe theory of "three realms" of Tibetan Buddhism. OK, we are at the front hallsquare of Potala Palace. Please take your luggage and get off with me. Theoverall structure of Potala Palace is made of stone and wood. The outer wall ofthe palace is 2-5 meters thick, and the foundation is directly embedded in therock. All the walls are built of granite, up to tens of meters high. Iron juiceis poured into the middle of the walls every certain distance for reinforcement,which improves the anti-seismic capacity of the walls and makes them firm andstable. Up these stairs, we can get to Sassoon Langjie in Potala Palace. Thereare many stairs and they are on the plateau, so please slow down. Now we have reached the highest Hall of Potala Palace, which is calledsasonglangjie (meaning Shengjie). Inside the palace is a portrait of EmperorQianlong. In front of the portrait is a memorial tablet of the emperor "longlive". The memorial tablet is written in Chinese, Tibetan, Manchu and Mongolian.To the west, we come to the qimeigandan hall, which was built in 1690 and wasthe Sutra Hall of the sixth emperor Cangyangjiacuo. At the age of 25,Cangyangjiacuo, the victim of the upper ruling class, began his wanderinglife. He wandered to Qinghai, Gansu, Mongolia, Sichuan, India, Nepal and otherplaces successively. He once worked as a beggar and sent corpses. His life wasextremely hard. Because of his contact with the working people and rich lifepractice, he wrote a famous collection of poems. This poem is now popular on theInternet, which is "cangyang Jiacuo love song". I remember a soothing poem, "seeor don't see" you see or don't see me, I'm not sad or happy there After watchingits beautiful Gandan, let's take a look at the palace corridor. There are alarge number of murals inside the Potala Palace, which constitute a huge Galleryof painting art. Nearly 200 people have participated in the mural painting,which has taken more than ten years. The themes of the murals include thehistory of the development of Buddhism in Tibet, the life of wushida Lama andthe process of Princess Wencheng's entering Tibet. Now we have a generalunderstanding of the function, historical background, status and cultural valueof the main building of Potala Palace. I believe it will leave a deep impressionon you. In fact, according to the value theory of Potala Palace, it is almost apalace made of gold. Its overall layout shows the divine power of Buddhism, andencourages people to avoid contradictions in reality, pursue transcendence andfly to the realm of Buddhism, The architectural art of the Potala Palace mainlyshows the traditional Tibetan architectural form and the style of stone and woodstructure, and also absorbs the characteristics of the Han nationality, such asbeam frame, Dou Gong, Jinding, caisson and so on. It is not only the crystallization of Tibetan working people's wisdom, butalso the evidence of Tibetan and Han people's unity and cooperation. In order tobetter protect the Potala Palace, a national cultural heritage, the StateCouncil listed it as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 1961, andallocated funds for maintenance every year. Especially in 1989, the statecarried out a historic maintenance of the Potala Palace, which lasted for fiveyears, invested 53 million yuan, and sent more than 150 experts and techniciansfrom more than 10 provinces and regions to directly participate in themaintenance project, with more than 100 maintenance parts The scale ofmaintenance is the largest since the reconstruction of the Potala Palace. Inline with the principle of keeping the old as it is, the project has carried outtimely and effective rescue of this national heritage, making the ancient PotalaPalace more attractive. |
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