| 标题 | 介绍北京的导游词 |
| 范文 | 介绍北京的导游词（精选13篇） 介绍北京的导游词 篇1各位游客大家好，接下来，我们将前往香山公园景区。首先，请允许简要地介绍一下景区的概况。香山公园位于海淀区，北京市西郊,是国家AAAA级景区，北京市精品公园，20_年通过ISO9001国际质量管理体系和ISO14001国际环境管理体系认证。景区占地180余公顷，是一座历史悠久、文化底蕴丰富、具有山林特色的皇家园林。 香山公园历史悠久，文物古迹众多,早在1186年就出现了人文景观。香山寺曾为京西寺庙之冠。 在辽代，这里是私人宅邸。当时有个中丞名阿勒弥者，见这里山青水秀，遂建宅舍。金世宗完颜雍大定二十六年(1186)，始在此山建大永安寺，亦叫甘露寺，即现在香山寺之前身。金章宗时，又在此建会景楼和祭星台建筑，从此皇家苑囿的规模初步形成。清乾隆十年(1745)，动用了大批人力、物力、财力，对香山进行了大规模建设，形成了盛清时期京西“三山五园”之一，即"静宜园"。此时园内景物非凡，建筑多样，各式的亭台楼阁、廊轩馆榭、牌坊、庙宇等分布在山峦坡坎之上，掩映在茂林绿荫之中。 香山四季美景不断。如果把北京西郊比作北京现代化大都市的"后花园"。那么,历史悠久的香山公园便以"春天山花烂漫,夏日清爽宜人,深秋红叶飘丹,冬林银妆素裹"的自然景观,成为北京西郊的绿谷"氧吧"。公园内树木繁多,森林覆盖率达96%，仅古树名木就有5800余株，占北京城区的四分之一，公园具有独特的"山川、名泉、古树、红叶"资源。香山红叶驰名中外，1986年被评为"新北京十六景"之一，成为首都秋季最靓丽的一道景观，每到深秋时节，数以万计的中外游客齐聚香山，共赏秋色。 也许各位会问，香山问什么叫做香山呢?大家不妨猜猜看。 (可能是五花八门的答案，也可能，是有人知道的) 其实，香山的得名原因有三种说法，其一是：香山海拔557米，最高峰顶有一块巨大的乳峰石，形状像香炉，晨昏之际，云雾缭绕，远远望去，犹如炉中香烟袅袅上升，故名香炉山，简称香山。 圆灵应现殿两侧各设罩子门一座。殿后高台之上，是“眼界宽”厂厅一座三间。正间外檐向东挂“眼界宽”匾一面，粉油蓝字，乾隆宝。眼界宽南北接出游廊，又似环爬山廊，曲折而上，与“青霞寄逸”楼相连。 青霞寄逸为两层歇山顶，上下各三间的楼一座。下层前檐向东挂“青霞寄逸”匾一面，青地金字，乾隆宝。第二层，楼外檐向东挂“鹫峰云涌”匾一面，青地金字，乾隆宝。]j_2PSJG 青霞寄逸楼下，靠壁建有“水月空明”殿一座三间。正殿外檐向东挂“水月空明”匾一面，绿地蓝字，乾隆宝。 水月空明殿前建有“詹卜香林”六方亭式楼一座三间。第一层，亭外前檐向东挂“詹卜香林”匾一面，粉油蓝字，乾隆宝。第二层，亭外前檐向东挂“无住法.轮”匾一面，粉油蓝字，乾隆宝。第三层，内隔断上挂“能仁妙觉”匾对一分，乾隆宝。亭外前檐向东挂“光明莲界”匾一面，粉油蓝字，乾隆宝。 双清泉 双清泉位于古老的香山寺脚下，为香山南山之水。根据《天府广记》记载:“丹砂井在香山下，相传为葛稚川丹井。二井，一泉水上涌，一泉水横流，味及甘甜。”乾隆皇帝在香山静宜园休息时，品尝泉水，觉得清凉甘甜，连声叫好，赐名为“双清”，御笔题名命人刻在石壁上。双清泉从双清下流知乐濠、过璎珞岩、流入带水屏山(静翠湖)，流入园外。 佳日亭 佳日亭是香山公园内结构最复杂的仿唐式亭台建筑，它位于位于眼镜湖南侧，最初是拍摄电视剧《唐明皇》的时候搭建的一个道具，因其与周围景致极为协调，许多游人在此争先合影留念，而后改建为“佳日亭”。 见心斋 见心斋位于公园内北门内西侧，是园中之园。始建于明嘉靖年间(1522-1566)颇具江南特色的园林庭院，清嘉庆年间续建。传说是皇帝鉴证大臣是否对他忠心的地方，故名见心斋。院内半圆形水池三面环以围廊彩画，正殿见心斋正对知鱼亭，斋后为正凝堂，鱼池内1000多尾红鲫锦鲤畅游，使这别致的小院充满了生机。 昭庙 宗镜大昭之庙，又称“昭庙”，始建于乾隆四十五年(1780)七月。它是为迎接班禅六世来京向乾隆皇帝祝贺七十大大寿而建的，故世称之为班禅行宫。乾隆四十五年九月十九日，宗镜大昭之庙开光。六世班禅额尔德尼于乾隆四十五年九月二十日来到香山静宜园，在其行宫内游览休息。乾隆四十五年十一月初三日，班禅额尔德尼由于身染痘症，系毒火太盛，于戌时圆寂于西黄寺内。 双清别墅 香山双清别墅位于香山公园南麓的半山腰，环境幽雅，以其苍翠的竹林、遮天蔽日的银杏、挺拔的松柏、古朴的建筑引人前往。然而真正使这个地方闻名天下的并不是她的秀丽风光，而是因为这里曾是毛主席住过的地方，曾是中共中央的指挥中心，曾发生过扭转中国命运决定中国前途的大事。党的七届二中全会在西柏坡胜利闭幕后，以农村包围城市为战略思想的毛泽东，实现了他的夙愿，提出要大踏步地前进，到北平去!毛泽东主席风趣地说：“走啦，咱们这是进京赶考!”1949年3月25日中共中央从西柏坡迁入香山双清。在双清别墅，毛泽东主席指挥了渡江战役，在这里筹备了新政协，筹建了新中国，在这里写下了《人民解放军占领南京》等脍炙人口的不朽诗篇。1994年，双清别墅被命名为“北京市青少年教育基地”。这里有毛泽东当年生活工作过的原状陈列;有毛泽东与爱子亲切交谈的地方----六角红亭。有记录一代伟人的《毛泽东在双清活动展览》……。《毛泽东在双清活动展览》由《从西柏坡到北平香山》、《毛泽东在双清》、《领袖生活在香山》三部分组成，集中反映了毛泽东等老一辈无产阶级革.命家运筹帷幄决胜千里之外的军事才能，反映了老一辈无产阶级革.命家艰苦奋斗的革.命历程。 双清别墅是广大青少年进行爱国主义和革.命传统教育的校外课堂，是企事业单位、学校组织过主题党日、团日、队日活动的好场所。香山公园也充分利用这一资源，通过“我为双清站一岗”、“爱北京，爱博物馆”征文等形式开展形式多样的爱国主义教育活动，公园在双清别墅设立了有关毛泽东的图书和纪念品专柜，增加播放“毛泽东在双清”专题片和相关史料宣传片。 碧云寺 碧云寺创建于1331年，至今已有近720_年的历史，是国家级文物保护单位。碧云寺原为元代开国元勋耶律楚材舍宅修建，原名碧云庵，据说当初在修建时，正值碧空如洗，白云出岫，可谓“碧色净如云”，于是命名。后经明清两代多次修缮扩建才形成今天的规模，并于明正德年间改名为“碧云寺”。1920_年，孙中山先生在京病逝，灵柩在碧云寺停放，直到1920_年才移至南京的中山陵，为了永久缅怀一代伟人，寺内设有孙中山纪念堂和孙中山先生衣冠冢。 碧云寺整组建筑以排列在中轴线上的六进院落为主体，南北各配一组院落，层层殿堂依山势迭起，由山门至金刚宝座塔，高度相差100余米，总体布局采用迥旋串连引人入胜的建造形式，每进院落各具特色，给人以层出不穷之感，院内香气弥漫，钟磬声悠，幡幢微荡。 据史料记载，1748年，乾隆皇帝对碧云寺进行了大规模的修建，在保存原有寺院的基础上，修建了金刚宝座塔、罗汉堂和水泉院，由于原有建筑无较大变动，因此碧云寺建筑和文物基本保留了明代风格。乾隆皇帝曾经在游历碧云寺时题写了“西山佛寺累百，惟碧云以宏丽著称……”的诗句(摘自《乾隆御制碧云寺碑文》)，由此可知，碧云寺在京西寺庙中具有很高的地位。 孙中山纪念堂 孙中山纪念堂座落在香山碧云寺内，自1977年10月1日正式对游人开放以来，成千上万的社会各界人士纷纷前来瞻仰参观，是革.命传统教育和爱国主义教育的重要基地。纪念堂内正中安放着中国国民党中央委员会暨全国各地中山学校敬献的中山先生汉白玉全身塑像，左右墙壁上镶嵌着用汉白玉雕刻的孙中山先生所写的《致苏联遗书》，正厅西北隅陈列着1920_年3月30日苏联人民送来的玻璃盖钢棺，堂内还陈列着孙中山先生的遗墨、遗著。 正厅两侧的中山先生纪念堂展览室集中反映了孙中山先生革.命的一生，为人们更好地了解中山先生的生平、生活暨革.命业绩提供了珍贵、丰富的教材。第一展室内容分为六个部分：求学立志、致力革.命、推翻帝制、创建民国、讨袁护法、伟大转折。概括了中山先生为了追求真理，振兴中华，经过艰苦卓绝的斗争，推翻了大清王朝，结束了封建帝制，开创了中国乃至亚洲民主共和的新纪元，将中国革.命推向了一个新的阶段。第二展室分五个部分：抱病北上、病逝北京、暂厝香山、移灵南下、缅怀伟人。介绍了中山先生为了国家的和平统一，毅然抱病北上，直至生命的最后一息。 伟大的爱国者和革.命先行者孙中山先生，深受世界炎黄子孙崇敬和爱戴，党的_大称颂他是“中国百年巨变的第一位伟人。”毛泽东曾说：“他全心全意地为了改造中国而耗费了毕生的精力，真是鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。”孙中山先生为了祖国的和平和统一，四处奔走，直到生命的最后一刻。他癌魔缠身，不顾自己的安危，累死在北京、暂厝香山的过程就是集中的体现。1920_年10月，冯玉祥发动北京政变，电邀孙中山先生北上共谋国是。为了国家能和平统一，中山先生发表了《北上宣言》，召开国民会议重申反对帝国主义和封建军阀，废除不平等条约。11月13日，中山先生毅然抱病由广州北上。由于长途劳累，他的肝病发作，到达北京时，病情急剧恶化已是生命垂危。临终之前，他立下了《国事》、《家事》、《致苏联政府》三个遗嘱;弥留之际，他仍支撑精神挣扎着留下“和平……奋斗……救中国 ”的遗言。 1920_年3月12日上午9时10分，孙中山先生在北京与世长辞。19日中山先生的灵榇停放在中央公园(现中山公园)，社会各界隆重公祭后，于4月2日灵榇移至香山碧云寺金刚宝座塔石券门内暂厝。1920_年5月，南京中山陵落成。5月22日，宋庆龄及亲属、医、卫，在这里为中山先生敛服，复大敛于待奉移之铜棺，将更换出的中山先生的衣帽，放回原敛之楠木棺中，封入金刚宝座塔石塔内。在碧云寺普明妙觉殿(现纪念堂)设灵堂，举行了庄重的灵榇奉移典礼。5月26日移灵南下，6月1日，中山先生的遗体于南京中山陵奉安礼成。为纪念中山先生遗体暂厝之地，时“国民政府”在普明妙觉殿立“总理纪念堂”，在金刚宝座塔石券门石塔立“总理衣冠冢”。新中国成立以后，人民政府重修碧云寺后复命名为“孙中山纪念堂”(宋庆龄题写)和“孙中山先生衣冠冢”，以为后人瞻仰。 为人类社会进步作出贡献的人永远会活在人们的心中;而一切逆历史潮流的人都没有好下场，正如中山先生题词的那样“世界潮流浩浩荡荡，顺之则昌，逆之则亡。”我们希望祖国早日统一，实现中华民族的伟大复兴，以慰籍中山先生的赤胆忠心! 卓锡泉 碧云寺卓锡泉是香山北源之水。卓锡泉在明代就很有名了。《长安客话》载:“水自寺后，石岩出，喷薄入小渠，人以卓锡明之。”卓锡泉得名传说是一得道高僧，口渴至极，用带锡制小环的禅杖，一卓(卓即点击的意思)底下的石头，石头间涌出清泉，故名。有诗“跟深连地脉，溜曲绕珠寺”真切地描述了泉水折流寺院的情景。卓锡泉水点缀了“天水一色”，流入“能仁寂照”金鱼池，出碧云寺至眼镜湖西坡上，小部分流如眼镜湖，主流到见心斋，经昭庙方河，绕土山到勤政殿遗址后到月牙河，流入园外。 介绍北京的导游词 篇2亲爱的游客朋友们，现在我们乘坐的是巴士四号汽车前往北京，观赏世界历史文化遗产之一——长城。很荣幸成为大家的导游。如果有什么问题，可以请教我。大家下车后一定要记住我们的车牌号，按规定时间返回。祝大家旅行愉快。 现在我先给大家介绍一下长城吧!长城是修筑在陡峭的山岭之间，它从东头的山海关一直修筑到西头的嘉峪关，全长共有一万三千多公里。它是中华人民力量和智慧的结晶，它是中华民族即将腾飞的巨龙的象征。游客们，我们的车已经停到八达岭上了。请看正前面有一块(儿)石碑，上面有八达岭几个红字，大家可以把它拍下来，做为一个到八达岭的留念。 游客们，我们来到了长城的脚下。请大家低头看看脚下，它是由一块块灰色的巨砖砌成的，十分平整，五六匹马也可以并行。让我们抬起头来，长城就像蜿蜒的巨龙卧在连绵起伏的崇山峻岭之间雄伟壮观。八达岭长城共有六个烽火台。烽火台共有三个门，其中中间一个最大，它的上面有许多小方块围成的一个正方形。古代时，在那里点火，表示那里有危险。这些烽火台可以在两至三个小时之间将情报传到数千里以外的地方。烽火台分两层，上层是眺望台，下层是士兵吃饭和睡觉的地方，可见烽火台在当时的军事中着多么重要的作用啊! 游客们，再往下走我们就到“好汉坡”了，“好汉坡”是指只有好汉才能登上的险坡，是八达岭的必经之路，让我们go! 经过好汉坡，就到峰顶了。游客们，当我们站在峰顶看看这前不见头，后不见尾的巨龙的时候，真为我国古代劳动人民的无比智慧感到自豪和骄傲吧! 我们的长城之旅到此为止，希望大家有时间还来长城，也希望我的讲解能给大家留下深刻的印象!byebye! 介绍北京的导游词 篇3大家好，我是这次旅游的导游，我姓*，大家可以叫我*导! 现在快到目的地--北京天坛，所以我先给大家将一些注意事项：“礼貌、卫生、秩序、眼看手勿动、禁止乱涂乱画”这五点，记得哦! 乘客们，旅游景点已到，请大家有秩序的下车!现在我们来到了天坛的正门，这里是皇帝前来祭祀时进出的大门。现在，就让我一一地为大家介绍吧! 天坛，1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。它位于北京城南端，是明、清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛不仅是中国古建筑中的明珠，也是世界建筑史上的瑰宝。 天坛东西长1700米，南北宽1600米，种面积为273万平方米。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，围墙分内外两层，呈回字形。北围墙为孤圆形，南围墙与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，，通称“天地墙”，象徽古代“天圆地方”之说。 以上就是天坛的故事，时间不早了，现在，大家自由参观拍照吧!--转眼间，我们的北京天坛一日游又结束了，大家有秩序的坐车回家吧! 介绍北京的导游词 篇4你们看，我们来到了雄伟的故宫，故宫又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫;故宫是世界上规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我们国家最大的古建筑群。它使建于明永乐(公元14XX年)，XX年才完工呢，有24位皇帝在此登基。“好了，我们现在准备去大殿里，请游客朋友们跟上队伍，千万别掉队，否则走丢了，就找不到我们了!”好，现在跟随我进入大殿，故宫有三座大殿：太和殿，中和殿和保和殿。大殿建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话的琼宫仙阙。太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇上举行大典的地方，这座殿高28米，东西63米，西北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6根围绕御座的沥粉金漆的潘龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型，美观的仙鹤，炉，鼎，后面精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇上去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方，保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外潘王公的场所。游客朋友们先休息一下，观赏下这三个大殿，可以摸一摸，等下我们去内延，以乾清宫，交泰殿，坤宁宫为中心，东西两翼有东六宫和西六宫，是皇上平日办事和妃子居住的地方。“好，今天的活动到此结束!祝大家玩得开心” 介绍北京的导游词 篇5各位游客：大家好!欢迎大家到八达岭景区观光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起参观，我很高兴，望各能在八达岭度过一段美好的时光。 长城是世界闻名的奇迹之一，它像一条巨龙盘踞在中国北方的辽阔的土地上。它是中国古代劳动人民血法的结晶，也是中国古代文化的象征和中华民族的骄傲。 游客们，我们已经来到了着名的八达岭长城，您向远处看，可以发现这里的长城分为南、北两峰，蜿蜒于山脊之上，龙腾虎跃、气象万千，景色十分壮观。往下面看是有两个门洞和u字形的城墙缎怕谳瓮城。在瓮城墙上内外两面都有垛口墙，四面拒敌。倘若敌人攻破关门涌入城内，将受到四面守城将围歼，敌人如落瓮中。瓮城是长城的一个重要组成部分。它一般都建在地形险要的交通要道上。八达岭的瓮城也不例外。建在山脊上，受地形限制，依山就势，东低西高，东窄西宽，仅有5000平方米。瓮城内无井，水源缺乏，平常驻兵不多，守城部队驻在西北三里的岔道城。瓮城中原有一座"察院公馆"，是供皇帝路过驻跸或官员停留住宿的。瓮城两门之间相距63.9米，西门楣题额"北门锁钥"，它的用意我在前面已经讲过。 城门洞上，古进安装有巨大的双扇木门，门内安装有木顶柱和锁闩。平时，大门敞开，行人商旅自由出入;战时城门紧闭，严实坚固;一旦发出反击号令，城门洞又是千军万马发起冲锋的出口。瓮城的东门楣题额为"居庸外填"，修建于明嘉靖十八年。在"居庸外镇"关城的城台上，原来嵌有一块石碑，为明朝万历年间刻制。从碑文可以看一带长城，先后经80多年时间才完成。这碑中还记录着修筑长城的时间、长度、主持官和管工头、烧头、窑匠头、泥瓦匠头和名字，以明确责任。站在城上向下看，我们中以看到来往不断的车辆和从门洞穿过的游人。这里不仅是古代重要的军事防御关口，而且也是交通要道。从这里南通昌平、北京，北去延庆，西北往宣化、张家口，"路从此分，四通八达"。八达岭也因此得名。 我们往右下方看，在登城口的南侧陈列着一门大炮，名为"这时威大将军"。这门炮炮身长2.85米，口径105毫米，由于中炮身上铸有"敕赐神威大将"而得名。字最大的射程是500多米，可见当时的军工业是比较发达的。 从关城城台到南峰的最高处南4楼，城墙长685.8米，高度上升142.4米，特别是南3楼至南4楼之间，山脊狭窄，山势陡峭，长城逶迤400多米。城顶最险处，坡度约为70度，几乎是直上直下。南1楼和南2楼，都没有修复二层，从南3楼遗存的柱础看，原来也有铺房。 南峰长城以南4楼地势最高，海拔803.6米。登楼眺望，长城自西南向东北蜿蜓于山脊之上，宛如苍龙，宏伟壮观。使人不由得想起我国着名的长城专家罗哲文先生登临八达岭长城时咏的诗;千峰叠翠拥居庸，山北山南处处峰。锁钥北门天设险，半哉峻岭走长龙。从南4楼到南7楼，高度逐渐下降。南5楼与南6楼之间在长城的内侧距城墙30米的山脊上，耸立着一座白色的小亭，这就是1987年6月落成的"贵州省修复长城纪念碑亭"。南6楼是一座铺房，铺房建在上层的顶上，面阔三间，硬山顶，红柱子，灰色瓦，小巧玲珑。这大概是当年"千总"的指挥所。 今天的长城，早已失去军事价值，而以其特有的魅力，吸引着广大中外游客，成为举世闻名的旅游胜地。随着旅游业的发展，长城这一中华民族的象征，全世界重要的文化遗产，会焕发出新的生机。以更优质的旅游服务、更优美的旅游环境迎接着大家的到来! 介绍北京的导游词 篇6Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen: My name is ___. I’m very honored to be youre guide. I do hope all of youcould like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. This morning weare going to visit the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is located on thenorthwest suburbs of Beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of thecity. So it will take us about 1 hour to get there. Before we arrived at theSummer Palace, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of thewoderful imperial garden. The Summer Palace is the most beautiful and thelargest imperial garden existing in Chinan, and it is the best-preservedimperial garden in the world. In 1998, it was placed on the List of WorldCultural Heritage by the UNESCO. The Summer Palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of12th century in the Jin Dynasty. The construction continued to the Yuan and Mingdynasties. In the Qing Dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached itsculmination. During Emperor Qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘Three Hills and FiveGardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of Beijing. The Summer Palace was apart of it and at that time was called the Garden of Clear Ripples. In 1860, theAnglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The ‘Three Hills and Five Gardens’were burnt down to ashes. In 1888, the Empress Dowager Cixi spent the navy fund having the Garden ofClear Ripples rebuilt. And then she renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace). In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The SummerPalace was once again severely damaged. It was rebuilt again in 1902. In 1924, the Last Emperor Puyi was driven out of the palace, after that,the Summer Palace was turned into a public park. Ladies and Gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway.It is called “Emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the firstscenery of the Summer Palace. The two Chinese words on the front side of thearchway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. Thetwo words on the back side mean Collection of Excellence and refer to thetranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden. (outside the East Palace Gate) Now, we have arrived at the East Palace Gate. It’s the main entrance of theSummer Palace. On top of the gate there is a plaque with three Chinesecharacters ‘The Summer Palace’ in Emperor Guangxu’s handwriting. The gate thatwe are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the olddays. (Inside the East Palace Gate) Now we are inside the Summer Palace. In front of us is the second gate ofthe Summer Palace— the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity. The annex halls onboth sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the Privy Council.Well, Before we start our tour in the garden, I will briefly introduce you thelayout of the Summer Palace and our tour route. O.K., ladies and gentlemen, mayI have your attention please? Let’s look at the map together, From it we can seethe Summer Palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies thethree-fourths. The whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was forpolitical activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeingareas. Our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and endoff the Marble Boat. On the way, we will visit the main constructions of theSummer Palace, such as the Hall of Jade Ripples, the Hall of Happiness andLongevity, the Long Corridor, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and so on. It willtake us about two hours to visit the Summer Palace. Please attention, we won’twalk back and our driver will pick us up at the North Gate. Should you get lostor separated from the group, please meet us at the North Gate. Ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the Hallof Benevolence and Longevity. Follow me please. (Inside the courtyard of the Benevolence and Longevity) Passing through the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity, we have alreadyentered the courtyard of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. The huge rock infront of us is Taihu Rock. It was quarried from Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province,so it was known as Taihu Rock. Please look around the courtyard and you can seethere are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard,representing the four seasons of the year. The Taihu Rocks are usually used asdecoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak andpenetration in characters. The bronze mythical animal behind the Taihu Rock is known as Suanni or somepeople call it Qilin. According to ancient Chinese mythology, the dragon hadnine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. Suanni was one of the ninesons of the dragon. It was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits inancient lengeds. Suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hoovesof ox and the tail of lion. (In front of the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity) This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It was firstbuilt in 1750. The name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘Lun Yu’ byConfucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.”This hall was the place where Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi heldaudience and handled state affairs when they were in the Summer Palace. Forprotecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. So I wouldlike to briefly introduce you the decorations in the Hall of Benevolence andLongevity. The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. In the middle ofthe hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. Thereare two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacockfeathers. Behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame andglass mirror inlaid. On the mirror there are 226 Chinese characters of the word‘Longevity’ written in different styles. There are two scrolls on each side ofthe wall with a big Chinese character ‘Longevity’ written on it. It was saidthat the word ‘Longevity’ written by Empress Dowager Cixi. There are 100 batspainted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness. Well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of adragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. They were used to burn incense sticksto create the appropriate atmosphere. In the old days, the dragon and phoenixwere the symbol of the emperor and empress. According to ritual, the dragonsshould be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front ofthe hall.However, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes arein the middle. This was a product of the end of Qing Dynasty when EmpressDowager Cixi handled state affairs behind the screen. (At the entrance of Garden of virtuour Harmony) We are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlongand Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Bejing Opera performances. Itmainly consists of the Dressing House, the Grand Theater Building and the Hallof Pleasure Smile. The Grand Theater Building was known as the ‘Cradle ofBeijing Opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. There are 7exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here. (In front of the Grand Theater Building) This is the Grand Theater Building. Of the three main theater buildings ofthe Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and largest one. Theother two are Changyin Pavilion in the Forbidden City and Qingyin Pavilion inthe Mountain Resort in Chengde. The Grand Theater Building, a three-storiedstructure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. It is 21 meters high and 17meters wide. Performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. Thetop one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and thebottom stage was named longevity stage. Each level has the entrance and theexit. There are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestialbeing’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to setoff a certain atmosphere on the stage. There is also a well and five ponds builtunder the stage for a good effect of water scenes. The stage is open to threesides. Well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the GrandTheater Building, it’s the Hall of Pleasure Smile. The Empress Dowager Cixi usedbo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the Peking Opera. (A lakeside walk from the Garden of virtuous Harmony to the Hall of JadeRipples) We are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall ofBenevolence and Longevity. It appears that there’s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake. This is anapplication of a specific style of Chinese gardening. Now, we are walking along the bank of the Kunming Lake. Look over there,not far away in the lake there is an islet. It’s called the Spring HeraldingIslet. The pavilion on the islet is called the Spring Heralding Pavilion. Anumber of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. In earlyspring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms,willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned.Hence the name ‘Heralding Sping Pavilion’. (In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples) This group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the Hall of JadeRipples. The words “Jade Ripples” came from a verse “Gentle ripples gushing outof Jade Spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. It was firstused by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs. In the late Qing Dynasty,it was where Emperor Guangxu was put under house arrest. This hall is a hallmark of the Movement of 1898. Emperor Guangxu wasEmperor Dowager Cixi’s nephew. After Emperor Tongzhi died, Emperor Dowager Ciximade her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order tocontinue her hold on imperial power. She ‘handled state affairs behind thescreen’. After Emperor Guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the coreprinciples of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws. The movementlasted for103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi. It wascalled the ‘Hundred-Day Reform’. After the reform failed, Emperor Guangxu wasput under house arrest here. For the strict control of him, Empress Dowager Cixiordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and leftof the Hall of Jade Ripples. At that time the hall was entirely sealed up, justlike a prison. Today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room stillmaintain its original appearance. It is open to visitors as the relic related tothe 1898 Reform Movement. (In front of the Chamber of Collecting Books) This is the Chamber of Collecting Books. In Chinese, it’s called “Yi YunGuang”. “Yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. In ancient times, it was usually usedas termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.In the Emperor Qianlong’sreign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. Later it was convertedinto a residence. There used to be the residence of Guangxu’s Empress Longyu,and his favorite concubine Zhenfei. (In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity) This group of courtyard is the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. It was themajor architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence ofEmpress Dowager Cixi. The whole compound was basically made of wood, which isideal for ventilation and lighting. With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hallof Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient. In front of theHall of Happiness and Longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle ofthis courtyard named “Qing Zhi Xiu” and nicknamed as “Family Bankruptcy Rock”.This huge rock was discovered in Fangshan District by a Ming official MiWanzhong. He wanted to transport it to his own garden “Shaoyuan”. In the olddays, transporting such rock was very difficult. After spending all his money toship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. The big rock was then left onthe roadside somewhere near Liangxiang County, 30 kilometers southwest ofBeijing. Hence it was nicknamed “Family Bancruptcy Rock”. Later Emperor Qianlongdiscovered it and transported to the Garden of Clear Ripples and laid in frontof the Hall of Happiness and Longevity. The colorful glass chandeliers hanginginside the hall was introduced from Germany in 1903. It is one of the earliestelectric lights in China. (In front of the Gate of Inviting the Moon of the Long Corridor) Ladies and Gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in theworld, such as the Louvre in France and the Museum of Great Britain. Now I willshow you a special gallery in the palace—the Long Corridor. In 1990, the LongCorridor was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as ‘the longestpainted corridor’ in the world’. It would be a pity if we leave the SummerPalace without visiting the Long Corridor and the Marble Boat. Now, here we go,the Long Corridor first! (Strolling along the Long Corridor) The Long Corridor starts from the Gate Inviting the Moon to the ShizhangGate. It is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. The Long corridor isone of the major structures of the Summer Palace. Since the corridor wasdesigned to follow the physical features of the southern slope of LongevityHill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( Retaining the GoodnessPavilion, Living with the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion, Clear and FarPavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of ayear. Thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. As amajor part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridorserves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the Hill. Scatteredbuildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex. The Long Corridor is the longest covered veranda in any Chinese garden. Onthe purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 Suzhou stylepaintings. Among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes ofWest Lake in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Beside the colorful paintings ofnatural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects,mythology and figures. The paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancientChinese classical literature, such as ‘Pilgrimage to the West’, ‘The Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms’, ‘The western Chamber’, “Water Margin’, and ‘The Dream ofthe Red Mansion’. (In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds) Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakesideslope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds. Thecentral axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the Sea of Wisdom ontop of the Hill. The main architectural structures here are the Gate ofDispelling Clouds, Hall of Dispelling clouds, Tower of Buddhist Incense and theSea of Wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. Thelayout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhistsutras. This group of structures are among the most magnificently constructedhere in the Summer Palace. This is a good place to taking photos, we will stayhere for about 15 minutes. Now we are walking continuely along the Long Corridor, the next scene weare going to visit is Marble Boat. Look over there! Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall of Listening toOrioles. It was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and courtmusic. It is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. Before the Garden ofVirtuous Harmony was built, Empress Dowager Cixi enjoyed opera and music here.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperialdishes and desserts. This is the famous Marble Boat. A famous scientist of China’s Eastern HanDynasty once said, “Water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” Aprime minister of Tang Dynasty Wei Zheng once used these words to persuade LiShimin, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He said people are water and theemperor is the boat. People can support a good emperor. However, they also canoverthrow the dynasty. Emperor Qianlong built this huge boat in the Garden inorder to make the allusion concrete. On one hand, Emperor Qianlong encouragedhimself to run the country well. On the other hand, he wanted to show that hisrule of the Qing Dynasty was as firm as the Marble Boat and there was no fear ofoverturning the boat. The Marble Boat was the place for Emperor Qianlong tosample tea and enjoy the scenery of Kunming Lake. Emperor Qianlong once camehere to engage in the freeing of captive animals. In the times of Qianlong, theMarble Boat was a Chinese styled stone boat with a Chinese style woodensuperstructure on the top of it. When it was rebuilt in the times of Guangxu, aforeign and Chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to theboat, one on each side. The floor was paved with colored bricks. All of thewindows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. A big mirror was installed onthe superstructure for viewing rain. Our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the Marble Boat. Today weonly visited the major scenic spots of the Summer Palace. I have left otherspots of interest for your next visit. I will now show you out through the RuyiGate. Our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. I do hope you enjoyedtoday’s tour. Thank you. 介绍北京的导游词 篇7卢沟桥 位于广安门外丰台区，距离市中心约20公里。该桥因跨越卢沟河(今永定河)而得名。 卢沟桥位列中国三大古代名桥之首，是国家重点文物保护单位。另外两座是河北的赵州桥和泉州的洛阳桥。 历史： 卢沟桥始建于金大定二十九年(1189年)，迄今已经有八百余年的历史。 该桥所跨越的卢沟渡口是当时进出都城的唯一门户，原有的浮桥和木桥等临时性交通设施已经不能适应都城所在地的交通状况，为此，建了一座耐用的大石桥，即卢沟桥，初名广利桥。 建筑： 卢沟桥是一座有11拱的大石桥，全长266.5米，桥面宽度为9.3米，桥身用巨大的白石砌成。桥墩砌筑为船型，其前有名为"斩龙剑"的分水尖，用于抵御急流。该桥的建筑设计先进，制造精良。 卢沟桥的建筑装饰亦别具特色。桥栏为高达近一米半的的281根望柱与栏板连接而成，每根望柱顶端都刻有一个大狮，它的身上攀附有形象各异、或藏或露的小狮子，于是民间便有"卢沟桥的石狮数不清"的歇后语。根据考古工作队的勘察，已知共有大小石狮485只。 卢沟晓月--燕京八景之一 始于金代的燕京八景之说，卢沟晓月即是其中一景。 桥的东端有碑亭，石碑为清代乾隆皇帝所书，正面为"卢沟晓月"，背面为卢沟桥诗。 介绍北京的导游词 篇8陶然亭公园是以北京城南隅的燕京名胜陶然亭为中心规划设计修建的一座城市园林。1952年建园，因陶然亭是中国四大名亭之一,公园因此亭而得名。占地59公顷，其中水面17公顷。它是中华人民共和国建国后，首都北京最早兴建的一座现代园林。其地为燕京名胜，素有“都门胜地”之誉，年代久远，史迹斑驳。名闻遐迩的陶然亭、慈悲庵就坐落在这里。秀丽的园林风光，丰富的文化内涵，光辉的革命史迹，使她成为旅游观光胜地。 清康熙三十四年(1695年)，工部郎中江藻奉命监理黑窑厂，他在慈悲庵西部构筑了一座小亭，并取白居易诗“更待菊黄家酿熟，与君一醉一陶然”句中的“陶然”二字为亭命名。这座小亭颇受文人墨客的青睐，被誉为“周侯藉卉之所，右军修禊之地”，更被全国各地来京的文人视为必游之地。清代200余年间，此亭享誉经久，长盛不衰，成为都中一胜。 园内慈悲庵始创于元代，又称观音庵，清康熙三十四年(1695年)监管窑厂的工部侍郎江藻在慈悲庵内建亭,并取唐代诗人白居易“更待菊黄家酿熟,与君一醉一陶然”诗意,为亭题名“陶然”。这里自然景色优美,成为文人墨客宴游觞咏之地。 陶然亭是清代名亭，现为中国的四大历史名亭之一。清康熙三十四年，工部郎中江藻监管黑窑厂时见“面西有陂池，多水草，极望清幽，无一点尘埃气”，在此建小亭。数年后“彻亭而轩”，取名唐代诗人白居易的诗句：“更待菊黄家酿熟，与君一醉一陶然”的“陶然”二字。陶然亭公园以及陶然亭地区名称就是以此得名的。此亭面阔三间，进深一间半，面积90平方米。亭上有苏式彩绘，屋内梁栋饰有山水花鸟彩画。两根大梁上绘《彩菊》、《八仙过海》、《太白醉酒》、《刘海戏金蟾》。 陶然亭周围，有许多著名的历史胜迹。西北有龙树寺，寺内有蒹葭簃、天倪阁、看山楼、抱冰堂等建筑，名流常于此游憩，其知名度在清道光之后，堪与陶然亭相匹。东南有黑龙潭、龙王亭、哪吒庙、刺梅园、祖园;西南有风氏园;正北有窑台;东北有香冢、鹦鹉冢，以及近代的醉郭墓、赛金花墓等。这些历史胜迹产生年代多早于陶然亭，有的甚至早于慈悲庵。它们都有文人墨客觞咏的历史，曾现过各领风骚的辉煌时期。 近代的陶然亭，有着光辉的历史篇章。“五·四”运动前后，中国共产党的创始人和领导人李大钊、毛泽东、周恩来曾先后来陶然亭进行革命活动。1月18日，毛泽东与“辅社”在京成员，集会商讨驱逐湖南军阀张敬尧的斗争，会后在慈悲庵山门外大槐树前合影留念。8月16日，天津“觉悟社”、北京“少年中国学会”等进步团体，在北厅讨论“五·四”以后革命斗争的方向以及各团体联合斗争的问题。7、8月间，李大钊通过《少年中国学会》会员陈愚生，以其夫人金绮新葬于陶然亭畔守夫人墓为名，租赁慈悲庵南房两间，在此进行秘密活动，到间，邓中夏、恽代英、高君宇等常来参加会议。 现代的陶然亭公园，是一座融古建与现代造园艺术为一体的以突出中华民族亭文化为主要内容的现代新型城市园林。园内林木葱茏，花草繁茂，楼阁参差，亭台掩映，景色宜人。湖心岛上，有锦秋墩、燕头山，与陶然亭成鼎足之势。锦秋墩顶有锦秋亭，其地为花仙祠遗址。亭南山麓有“玫瑰山”，其地为原香冢、鹦鹉冢、赛金花墓遗址。亭北山麓静谧的松林中，有著名的高君宇、石评梅墓。燕头山顶有览翠亭，与锦秋亭对景，亭西南山下建澄光亭，于此望湖观山，最为相宜。亭北山下为常青轩。 1985年修建的华夏名亭园是陶然亭公园的“园中之园”。采用集中旅游资源的方法，精选国内名亭仿建而成。有“醉翁亭”、“兰亭”、“鹅池碑亭”、“少陵草堂碑亭”、“沧浪亭”、“独醒亭”、“二泉亭”、“吹台”、“浸月亭”、“百坡亭”等十余座。这些名亭都是以1：1的比例仿建而成，亭景结合，相得益彰。流连园内，有如历巴山楚水之间，或游吴越锦绣之乡的感觉，历史文化内涵更加深邃。广大游客不劳远徒跋涉即可领略中华民族建筑艺术和人文景观。 陶然亭公园还设有游船、水上乐园、儿童娱乐城、迷高乐、游乐场、餐厅、陶然花园酒店及商业网点等综合性设施。热忱欢迎中外宾客观光、游览。 介绍北京的导游词 篇9哈喽!大家好，我是棒棒糖旅行社的导游，我姓楼，名子凡，大家就叫我小楼吧!我们今天要旅行的是长城，希望大家和我一起度过一段美好时光。 北京有八达岭长城、慕田峪长城、居庸关长城、箭扣长城、司马台长城，今天，我们要爬的是居庸关长城。 居庸关长城周长4000余米，这还只是长城的一部分呢!长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，有一万三千多里。相传秦始皇修筑长城时，将囚犯、士卒和强征来的民夫徙居于此，后名“徙居庸徒”之意，故名居庸关。因为它旁边的山上树木葱郁，山花烂漫，景色瑰丽，所以大家都把它称为“居庸叠翠”。 我们先来到“天下第一雄关”，这是一块石碑，上面刻着“天下第一雄关”的字样，中国有两个“天下第一雄关”，一个是长城重点嘉峪关，另一个就是居庸关，原本居庸关不是“天下第一雄关”，因为这段长城是很重要的一道关口，所以后来也被称为“天下第一雄关”，有兴趣的游客可以拍个照，不过请快一点，待会儿就要爬长城了。 大家跟上，爬长城不要掉队。长城很陡，注意安全。大家看，这种凹凸不平的墙叫垛子，上面有瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。看见那些城台没?是屯兵的堡垒，每当打仗时，受到伤害的士兵可以在里面做临时治疗。 接下来，我们来到城台下，大家可以进去参观一下古代屯兵的城台，注意不要乱涂乱画，这可是古代的历史文物呢! 加油，到顶了!这里很凉爽，很舒服，为什么长城断开了?因为山脉和河流的阻挡因此而断开的，大家休息一下，半小时后会合。 今天旅程到此结束，希望听了我的讲解后大家对长城有更好的了解，再见! 介绍北京的导游词 篇10Beijing is located at 39 ° 56 ′ N and 116 ° 20 ′ E. It is located at thenorthwest end of the North China Plain, in the west, North and northeast. It issurrounded by Taihang Mountain (West Mountain), Jundu mountain and Yanshanmountain, which makes it look like a "bay", so it has been called "Beijing bay"since ancient times. Beijing, the capital of the people's Republic of China, is the center ofpolitics, culture, transportation, tourism and international exchanges. The cityconsists of 11 districts and 7 counties. The total area is 16800 squarekilometers, of which the urban area covers 1040 square kilometers. Thepopulation is 11.5 million. Beijing is the first of the four municipalitiesdirectly under the central government in China. Beijing has a north temperate continental monsoon climate with fourdistinct seasons. Spring flowers, autumn moon, summer rain and winter snow arethe different characteristics of each season. No matter when you come to Beijingfor sightseeing, you will have charming wind colors. Beijing has shorter springand autumn, longer summer and winter. January is colder, the average temperatureis - 4.7 ℃, July is slightly hot, the average temperature is 26.1 ℃. The averageannual rainfall is 650 mm and the frost free period is 180 days. It has aprominent geographical location, magnificent mountains and rivers, fertile landand rich products, so it has always been regarded as the treasure land ofChina. Beijing has a written history of more than 3000 years and a long history ofurban construction. As far back as 700000-500000 years ago, this is thebirthplace of human ancestors, and Peking man has been breeding in Zhoukoudianand other places in southwest Beijing. In 586 BC, the state of Yan, the Marquisof the Zhou Dynasty, established its capital here, named "Ji". From then on, thename of "Yanjing" has been passed down to the present. After the third centuryB.C., it was an important northern town in the Qin, Han, Sui and Tang Dynasties.At the beginning of the 10th century, the Qidan people in Northeast Chinaestablished the Liao Dynasty and took it as the capital, Nanjing. In 1125, theNuzhen nationality rose, destroyed the Liao Dynasty and built the Jin Dynasty.It officially established its capital, named Zhongdu, and built 36 luxuriouspalaces. The central capital was in the area of Guang'anmen today, but it wasdestroyed in 1215. In this year, the Mongols in the north of China movedsouthward, successively destroyed the Jin Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty,which avoided Hangzhou, and unified China. In 1267, the Yuan Dynasty rebuilt thecapital city with the JinDynasty Daning Palace (now Beihai Park) as the center,and renamed it Dadu, which is the predecessor of today's old Beijing city. In1368, the peasant uprising army led by Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the Yuan Dynastyand established the Ming Dynasty. The capital of the Ming Dynasty was located inNanjing, which was renamed Beiping. In 1403, Zhu Di won the throne, moved hiscapital to Peking, and changed its name to Beijing. After 15 years ofconstruction, the Forbidden City was completed in 1420 and the capital wasofficially moved to Beijing in 1421. In 1644, the Qing army entered the pass,the Ming Dynasty perished, and the Qing Dynasty also established its capital inBeijing. Each dynasty has established its capital here for more than 800 years.After the founding of new China in 1949, the old Beijing gained a new life andwas determined as the capital of new China. The ancient city of Beijing, after the great creation of the working peopleof the past dynasties, has left a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. Thearchitectural layout of the whole city takes the Forbidden City as the centerand runs through an 8 km long central axis from south to north. Before and afterthe dynasty, zuozu and YouSHE (Taimiao and sheji altar); the streets arevertical and horizontal, the temples are brilliant; the temples are magical, thegardens are magnificent; the rivers and lakes are winding, the scenery ispicturesque. The whole city has both plane layout and three-dimensional shape,which is not only a model of Chinese ancient capital, but also occupies a veryimportant position in the history of world urban construction. Beijing hasalways been famous for its rich places of interest and charming natural scenery.Here are the world's wonders of the Great Wall, the world's most imperial palacecomplex, beautiful classical gardens, as well as magnificent temples,mausoleums, pagodas, stone carvings and so on. Moreover, Shidu, Songshan,Longqing gorge, Shihua Cave and other natural landscapes, as well as manyhistorical sites such as the May 4th Movement in 1919, are all touristattractions that people can enjoy and forget to return. 介绍北京的导游词 篇11在座的各位游客大家好!我是大家的导游小赵，今天 ，我将带领大家去游览北京的香山公园。 香山公园位于北京西北郊西山东麓，东南距市中心28公里。最高点为香炉峰，海拔557米，俗称“鬼见愁”。 香山山顶有巨石两块，叫乳峰石。其形酷似“香炉”，周围又常有云雾弥漫，如袅袅升空的香烟，香山由此得名。香山景色秀丽，名胜遍布，风光旖旎，极富自然野趣。秋来黄栌换装，漫山红遍，如火如荼，此即“香山红叶”，是燕京八景之一。香山冬天的景色也很迷人，每当冬雪初晴，一片银妆素裹，分外妖娆，旧燕京八景之一的“西山晴雪”就指这里。 香山寺，在香山公园内蟾蜍峰北。金大定二十六年(1186年)建，金世宗赐名大永安寺，为香山诸寺之首，“静宜园”二十八景之一。后遭英法联军和八国联军焚毁，仅存石阶，石坊柱、石屏等遗迹，唯有寺内的“听法松”依然屹立。香炉峰，俗称鬼见愁。在香山公园西部。此峰高峻陡削，攀登不易，在峰顶可饱览香山全景。近年已建有缆车索道，牵引登山。双清别墅在香山公园内香山寺下。这里原有两股清泉，相传金章宗时称梦感泉。清乾隆在泉旁石崖上题刻“双清” 二字。 熊希龄在此修建别墅，并以此为名。别墅淡雅幽静，山水树石顺其自然。清泉大聚一池，池边有亭，亭后有屋，屋旁有竹，竹影扶疏，秀丽非凡。在此春日赏花，酷夏避暑，秋观红叶，寒冬踏雪，四季景色绮丽，称为香山“园中园”。眼镜湖，在香山公园北门内。两泓平静的湖水由一座白石拱桥相联，形似眼镜，故此得名。湖的北侧山石叠嶂，峰峦崛起。一洞之上，流泉直下，恰似珠帘垂挂的水帘洞。山花芳草在沟壑石缝和小溪池水旁争奇斗艳，古柏苍松、老槐垂柳交汇成一片清荫。见心斋在香山公园北门内西侧，毗邻眼镜湖。建于明嘉靖年间，几经修葺，是座颇具江南风味的庭院。 香山庭院中心是一平圆形水池，清洌的泉水从石雕的龙口中注入，夏来新荷婷立，金鱼嬉戏。池东、南、北三面回廊环抱，内有一小亭伸入池中。池西有轩榭三间，即见心斋。斋后山石嶙峋，松柏交翠。整个庭院清静幽雅，使人留连忘返。当年乾隆帝曾在此读书和赐宴臣僚。 介绍北京的导游词 篇12昨天，记者从有关部门了解到，北京在拥有一个国家级自然保护区的基础上，准备再申请将百花山晋升为国家级自然保护区。 据了解，百花山市级自然保护区建于1985年，位于门头沟区清水镇境内，总面积2.17公顷，其中核心区面积0.68公顷，属于森林生态系统类型自然保护区，是本市目前面积最大的高等植物和珍稀野生动物自然保护区。百花山动、植物资源丰富，素有华北“天然动植物园”之称，有4个植被类型，10个森林群落，植物种类有130科、485属、1100种，其中药用植物400余种。动物种类170种，有国家一级保护动物金钱豹、褐马鸡、黑鹳、金雕，国家二级保护动物斑羚、勺鸡，市级保护动物50余种。 介绍北京的导游词 篇13各位团友，我们眼前一前一后两座高大的建筑就是钟鼓楼。钟鼓楼坐落在北京南北中轴线北端，即今天的东城区地安门外大街，是全国重点文物保护单位。两楼前后纵置，气势雄伟，巍峨壮观，占地约13000平方米。 钟鼓楼是钟楼和鼓楼的合称。在古代，钟楼和鼓楼通常建造在城市中心地带，作为报时和聚众议事的工具，还有另一种，建于宫廷内，做报告时间和朝会时节制礼仪之用。钟鼓楼各地都有，但从某种程度上说，在元明清三朝，北京的钟鼓楼相当于每日发布标准“北京时间”的国家授时中心，是钟鼓楼中的“权威”。 元代鼓楼在大都中心，原名齐政楼，取齐七政(日、月、金星、木星、水星、火星、土星)之义，其位置在明清鼓楼以西，今旧鼓楼大街南口。明永乐十八年营建北京城，重建钟鼓楼。据谈迁《北游录》记载，清顺治十一年(1654年)，钟楼和鼓楼毁于火灾，乾隆时重建，嘉庆五年(1820xx年)重修。，“八国联军”入侵京师时，钟鼓楼上文物遭到了破坏，建筑幸免于毁。民国年间钟鼓楼对外开放，民国十三年()将鼓楼改为明耻楼，第二年复改为齐政楼。1957年钟鼓楼被列为北京市级文物保护单位。1984年政府拨款重修钟鼓楼，1987年和1988年鼓楼和钟楼相继开放，随后作为展览功能的文物建筑得到了保护和利用。1996年，钟鼓楼被列为全国重点文物保护单位。 大家在看西方的电视剧或者电影的时候，经常可以看到高大的尖塔式钟楼，上面有一面巨大的机械钟。每到整点或者半点自动报时。中国早在宋朝时候，宫廷内就有了以水流作为动力的自动报时的机械钟，当时叫做水运仪象台，主要作用是观测天文，但是，由于这种技术被皇室垄断，无法普及，终于导致技术失传。所以，中国古代的城市报时装置还是使用青铜钟。钟楼建筑高大，所以钟声可以传的很远，把时间告知这个个城市。 而鼓楼在城市中的作用一般是聚集众人议事，当有重大节日或者战争时候，也用来聚集民众。此外，古代城市中夜晚是实行宵禁的，禁止一切商业活动和娱乐活动。每到傍晚，鼓声敲响，商贩们便开始收摊，铺面也纷纷打烊，待到第二天早上五点敲完亮更鼓以后，人们才开始新一天的生活。 大家一定都很想知道，钟楼和鼓楼都是怎么工作的呢?那就随我一起来探索吧„„ 清代原规定钟楼昼夜报时，乾隆后改为只报夜里两个更时，而且由两个更夫分别登钟、鼓楼，先击鼓后敲钟。其计时方式按古人将一夜分为五更来计算，每更为一时辰，即现在的两小时，19点为定更，21点为二更，23点为三更，1点为四更，3点为五更，5点为亮更。钟鼓楼每到定更先击鼓，后敲钟，提醒人们进入睡眠，二更到五更则只撞钟不击鼓，以免影响大家睡眠。到了亮更则先击鼓后敲钟，表示该起床了。击鼓的方法是先快击18响，再慢击18响，共击6次，共108响。撞钟与击鼓相同。 20xx年岁末的午夜11时57分，北京鼓楼沉寂了近百年的群鼓再度被敲响——25位年轻鼓手表演了《二十四节令鼓之冬》乐章(鼓谱的作者是中央民族乐团打击声乐部首席朱啸林先生)，鼓声持续3分钟，到20xx年元旦0 时结束。鼓楼从20xx年元旦起，正式对外开放。每天将四次击鼓，每次15分钟。 距离我们较近的这一座就是钟楼(北面那一座)，它是老北京中轴线的北端点。原址为元大都大天寿万宁寺之中心阁。明永乐十八年(1420xx年)建，后毁于火。清乾隆十年(1745年)重建，十二年后竣工。其楼身为正方形平面，重檐歇山顶，无梁式砖石建筑。屋顶为黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，正脊两端安背兽，两层屋檐的戗脊上均安狮子为首的五跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单。 翘单昂五踩斗拱，是我国现存唯一的无梁拱券式全砖石结构的大型单体建筑，也是中国古代建筑中将建筑与传声巧妙结合的杰作。楼身四立面相同，当心开一拱券门，左右对称开券窗，窗上安设石刻仿木菱花窗。内部结构采用复合式拱券，除主体拱券之外，还于围护墙体中设有环路通道。基座为汉白玉须弥座，周围环以汉白玉栏杆。楼身之下为砖砌城台，城台上四面有城垛。台身四面开券门，内部呈十字券结构，东北隅开门，内有石阶七十五级供登临。钟楼原有明永乐年间铸造的铁钟一口，置放于楼外平地上，后由古钟博物馆收藏。钟楼内正中位置安架一八角形木框架，其上悬钟。该钟铸造于明永乐十八年，钟通高7.02米，最大直径3.40米，重约63吨，为目前我国发现最重的铜钟，被誉为“古钟之王”它是研究古代冶金史和大型青铜器物铸造技术的重要实物。钟楼正南为一座与围墙相连的三联大门，中门内为清乾隆十二年(1745年)重建钟楼碑一通，螭首方座，碑首题额《御制重建钟楼碑记》，碑阳为经筵讲官户部尚书梁诗正奉敕敬书碑文，碑阴为民国十四年()十月京兆尹薛笃弼书的《京兆通俗教育馆记》碑文。 钟楼后面(南面那一座)是鼓楼。鼓楼总占地面积约为7000平方米。南侧门前有石狮子一对，高约1.25米。 鼓楼，初名齐政楼，建于元至元九年(1272)，明永乐十八年(1420)重建，现存建筑为明嘉靖年十八年(1539)所建.楼高46.7米，，为重檐三滴水木结构楼阁建筑，通高46.7米。楼身有上下二个功能层和中间的一个结构暗层，平面面阔五间，进深三间，外带周围廊;城台(下层)外显面阔七间，进深五间，内部为拱券结构，前后各有三座券门，左右各一券门，南门前有一对石狮。楼台东北隅有一门，门内有石梯69级，由此登临。鼓楼屋顶为灰筒瓦绿琉璃剪边重檐歇山式，正脊两端安背兽，平坐周围以木制滴珠板封护，下层檐为四坡屋顶，各层屋顶戗脊上曾置狮子为首的五跑小兽，现为仙人为首的七跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单翘单昂五踩斗拱，平坐下施重翘五踩斗拱。室内方砖漫地，外檐装修采用六抹方格格扇门窗。上层室外环楼有走廊，设木栏杆，四角支撑有擎檐柱。鼓楼二层内原有主鼓一面，群鼓二十四面，代表代表一年二十四个节气，清代的群股如今仅存一面主鼓，鼓高2.22米，长2.25米，腰径1.71米，鼓面直径1.40米，已残破不堪，并在鼓皮上留有侵华日军用刺刀捅破的刀痕;有木制鼓座，鼓座为红油漆上雕云纹，高1.8米，长2米，宽1.9米。1988年依据旧主鼓复制两面新鼓;后又依据清嘉庆年间的史料记载仿制主鼓一面，鼓高2.40米，鼓面直径1.60米，二十四面小鼓高1.60米，鼓面直径1.12米。 从前在鼓楼上还有用于计时的“铜刻漏”，可惜早已遗失。据文献记载：“鼓楼之铜刻漏制极精妙，故老相传，以为先宋故物，其制为铜漏壶四：上曰‘天池’，次曰‘平水’，又次曰‘万分’，下曰‘收水’„„口安挠神，设机械，时至，则每刻击铙者八，以壶水满为度。涸则随是增添，冬则用火温之。”当年鼓楼击鼓报时，有一定的规律。每晚7时“定更”，击鼓两通，共108声，以后，每个 更次都击鼓两通108声，直至五更(晨5时)击最后的“亮更”鼓。击鼓也有一定的节奏，至今，北京仍流传着“紧十 八，慢十八，不紧不慢又十八”之说。 鼓楼以漏刻计时，击鼓定更;从元朝到清朝，钟楼撞钟报时的历史延续了652年。后钟楼，鼓楼成为京城民众教育及娱乐场所。曾一度名为“明耻楼”，展有八国联军在北京屠杀和抢掠的图片、实物和模型。现在，为了传承古老民族文化精华，钟鼓楼文物保管所已完成了铜刻漏的仿制及二十五面定更鼓的复制。再现了“漏刻计时、击鼓定更、撞钟报时”的恢弘历史画面，精心仿制的 铜刻漏可生动演示古代计时与报刻;每日定更的击鼓表演，每年新旧交替的撞钟活动，吸引越来越多的中外游客走进钟鼓楼。 钟鼓楼之上还是鸟瞰北京古都风貌最好的地方，您可以在这里好好欣赏一下北京城。 各位游客，关于钟鼓楼的讲解到此就暂告一段落了，谢谢大家。 |
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