| 释义 |
🔑breakbreak1 /breɪk / verb (past tense broke /broʊk / , past participle bro·ken /ˈbroʊkən /)➤in pieces碎片- [intransitive, transitive] to separate, or make something separate, into two or more pieces（使）破裂，破碎◆She dropped the vase onto the floor and it broke.她把花瓶掉在地上打碎了。◆I'm sorry I broke one of your dinner plates.对不起，我打破了你的一个餐盘。◆He broke his leg in a car accident.他在一次车祸中腿部骨折。◆He broke the chocolate in two.他把巧克力一掰为二。
➤stop working停止工作- [intransitive, transitive](used about a machine, etc.) to stop working; to stop a machine, etc. from working（机器等）出故障；弄坏（机器等）◆My watch broke last week.我的手表上星期出毛病了。◆Be careful with my camera – I don't want you to break it.小心我的相机，我可不想你把它弄坏了。
➤law / promise法律；承诺- [transitive] to do something that is against the law, or to not keep a promise, etc.违犯（法律）；违背（协议或诺言等）◆A police officer told me that I was breaking the law.一名警察告诉我说我违法了。◆Sorry, I didn't mean to break the rules.对不起，我不是故意违反规则的。◆to break a contract违背合同◆Don't worry – I never break my promises.别担心，我从不食言。
➤a record纪录- [transitive] break a record to do something better or faster than anyone has ever done before打破（纪录）◆She broke the world record for the 100 meters.她破了 100 米世界纪录。
➤stop for a short time暂停- [intransitive] to stop doing something for a short time暂停工作；短暂休息◆to break for lunch停下来去吃午饭
➤end something终止- [transitive] to interrupt something so that it ends suddenly打断；使中断◆Suddenly, the silence was broken by the sound of a bird singing.突然，一只鸟儿的啾鸣打破了寂静。
➤destroy毁坏- [transitive] to make something end by force or strong action（强行）结束，改掉◆Smoking is a very difficult habit to break.吸烟是一种很难戒掉的习惯。◆Two days of talks failed to break the deadlock between the countries.两天的会谈未能打破两国之间的僵局。
➤of day白天- [intransitive](used about a day) to begin（白天）破晓，开始◆Dawn was breaking when they finally left.他们终于离开的时候，天刚蒙蒙亮。
➤of waves波浪- [intransitive](used about a wave) to curl over and fall（波浪）拍打，迸溅◆waves breaking on the rocks拍打岩石的波浪
➤of news消息- [intransitive](used about a piece of news) to become known（消息）公开，传开，披露◆When the story broke in the newspapers, no one could believe it.这件事刊登在报纸上时没有人相信。
- [transitive] to be the first to tell someone some bad news（第一个将坏消息向某人）告知，透露◆I don't want to be the one to break the news to him.我可不想由我来告诉他这个消息。
➤of voice嗓音- [intransitive](used about a boy's voice) to become permanently deeper, usually at about the age of 13 or 14（男孩的嗓音）变声
- [intransitive] if someone's voice breaks, it changes its tone because of emotion（声音因激动而）改变；变调◆Her voice broke as she told us the dreadful news.她告诉我们这个可怕的消息时声音都变了。
 HELP For idioms containing break, look at the entries for the nouns and adjectives. For example break the ice is at ice.含 break 的习语，参见相关名词和形容词词条，如 break the ice 在词条 ice 下。  ●break away (from sb / sth)- to escape suddenly from someone who is holding you突然挣脱；逃脱；逃离◆The prisoner broke away from his guards.那个犯人挣脱了看守。
- to leave a group, an organization, etc. in order to form a new one脱离（群体、组织等以便再组建新的）◆The region broke away from the rest of the country and declared independence.该地区脱离了这个国家，宣布独立。
●break down- (used about a vehicle or machine) to stop working（车辆或机器）出故障，失灵◆My car broke down on the way to work this morning.今天早上我的车在上班途中抛锚了。
- (used about a system, discussion, etc.) to fail（系统、讨论等）失败◆Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.两国之间的会谈彻底失败了。
- to lose control of your feelings and start crying失声痛哭◆to break down in tears情不自禁大哭起来
●break sth down- to destroy something by using force砸破；捣毁◆The police had to break down the door to get into the house.警方只好破门进入屋内。
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chemistry化学) to make a substance separate into parts or change into a different form in a chemical process使分解；使改变◆Food is broken down in our bodies by the digestive system.食物在人体内经消化系统被分解。
- to divide something into parts in order to analyze it or make it easier to do对…分类；细分◆Each lesson is broken down into several units.每一课被划分为若干单元。➨ LANGUAGE BANK用语库showreferring to a chart, graph, or table描述图表This bar graph shows / illustrates how many journeys people made using public transportation over a three-month period.这个条形图表明／显示在三个月时间内人们利用公共交通出行的次数。In this pie chart, the survey results are broken down by age.在这个饼分图中，按照年龄对调查结果进行了细分。According to these figures, bus travel accounts for 60% of public transportation use.从这些数字来看，利用公共汽车出行占公共交通使用的 60%。From the data in the graph above, it is apparent that / it is clear that / it can be seen that buses are the most popular form of public transportation.根据上述图表中的数据，可明显地看出／可清楚地看出／可以看出，公共汽车是最受欢迎的公共交通工具。
●break into enter a building by force, usually in order to steal something强行进入，破门而入（常为偷窃）◆The burglars broke in through a window.窃贼破窗而入。●break into sth- to enter a building by force, usually in order to steal something强行进入，破门而入（常为偷窃）◆The police accused him of breaking into a liquor store.警方指控他闯入一家酒品店行窃。
- to start doing something suddenly突然开始做（某事）◆to break into a smile突然笑了起来◆to break into a run突然跑起来
●break offto suddenly stop doing or saying something（突然）中断，停顿◆He broke off in the middle of a sentence.他一句话说了一半突然停下来了。●break (sth) offto remove a part of something by force; to come off in this way掰断；折断；脱落◆Could you break off a piece of chocolate for me?你掰块巧克力给我好吗？◆Oh no, part of my tooth just broke off!啊，不好，我的牙掉了一块！●break sth offto end a relationship suddenly突然终止（关系）◆They broke off their engagement after a bad argument.他们大吵一架后解除了婚约。◆to break off diplomatic relations with another country与另一国家断交●break out(used especially about fighting, wars, fires, etc.) to start suddenly（尤指战斗、战争、火灾等）突然开始，爆发◆Riots broke out in the prison.监狱爆发了骚乱。◆Applause broke out in the courtroom.法庭里爆发出一阵掌声。●break out in sthto suddenly become covered in something突然布满◆His face broke out in a rash.他脸上突然出了皮疹。◆He broke out in a cold sweat (= for example, through fear).他突然冒出一身冷汗。●break out (of sth)to escape from a prison, etc.逃出（监狱等）◆We're breaking out of here tonight – are you with us?我们今晚从这里逃出去，你想和我们一起逃吗？●break up(used about events that involve a group of people) to come to an end（多人参加的事件）结束◆The meeting broke up just before lunch.会议正好在午饭时间前结束。●break up (with sb)to end a relationship with a wife, husband, girlfriend, or boyfriend（与某人）断绝关系，分手◆My marriage broke up when I was 25.我 25 岁时婚姻破裂。◆She broke up with her boyfriend.她和男友分手了。●break (sth) upto separate into parts破碎；拆分◆The ship broke up on the rocks.船触礁解体了。◆The company was broken up into three smaller companies.这家公司被拆分成了三家小公司。●break sth upto end an event by separating the people who are involved in it（通过分开当事人）制止，解散◆Security guards broke up the fight.保安人员制止了这场斗殴。◆Police managed to break up a gambling operation.警方成功制止了一次赌博活动。●break with sthto end a connection with something与…断绝关系；和…决裂◆to break with tradition / the past与传统／过去决裂
🔑breakbreak2 /breɪk / noun [countable] ➤short stop / pause暂停；间歇- a short period of rest小憩；短暂休息◆Let's take a break.我们休息一下吧。◆a lunch / coffee break吃午饭／喝咖啡的休息时间➨ WHICH WORD？词语辨析A pause is a short period of time when you stop speaking or doing something. * pause 指说话或行动的短暂停顿After a brief pause, she answered.她稍稍停顿了一下之后才回答。A break is especially used in connection with periods of work or study, for example a lunch / coffee break in an office, a factory, or a school. * break 尤与工作或学习有关，如办公室、工厂或学校的 lunch / coffee break （午餐时间；喝咖啡休息时间）We've been working pretty hard – let's take a break.我们一直都在十分努力地工作，休息一下吧。students spending their spring break in Florida在佛罗里达州度春假的学生A break during the school day, especially after lunch, is called recess. A recess is also a longer period of time when work in Congress, Parliament, or in a court of law stops. * recess 指学校的课间休息，尤指午餐后的休息时间。recess 还指国会、议会的休会期或法院的休庭时间senators returning from the Memorial Day recess阵亡将士纪念日休会后重返国会的参议员We use intermission for a break in a concert or performance. * intermission 指音乐会或演出的幕间休息。
➤opening / space空隙；空间- an opening or space in something间隙；空间◆Wait for a break in the traffic before you cross the street.等没车经过的时候再过马路。
➤opportunity机会- an arrangement or a change that is helpful to someone机遇；好运；优惠◆tax breaks for small businesses对小企业的税收优惠◆Give him a break. Everyone makes mistakes when they start a new job.给他一次机会吧，每个人刚开始干新工作时都会犯错误。
➤change in situation情况改变- break (in sth) | break (with sb / sth) a change from what usually happens or an end to something改变；结束；终止◆a break with tradition与传统的决裂◆The incident led to a break in diplomatic relations.这起事件导致了外交关系的中断。
➤of an object物体- a place where something has been broken裂口；裂缝；断裂◆a break in a pipe管道的裂缝
●give me a break! (informal) stop annoying me or making problems for me别烦我了；得了吧◆Oh, give me a break! That's not true and you know it.噢，别烦我了。那不是真的，你知道的。 |